Abstract: A system for controlling and/or regulating a plurality of machines includes a control unit designed to communicate with the plurality of machines and to transmit to at least one of the plurality of machines a data packet which includes an instruction for carrying out a work task, and a licensing unit designed to provide a license required for carrying out the work task, with the license being awarded in the presence of an authorization to carry out the work task when the at least one of the plurality of machines meets a certain technical requirement.

Abstract: A print head for a printing device for the three-dimensional application of a material includes a heated nozzle configured to melt the material and to dispense the melted material in the form of a strand for application on a substrate or on a previously applied material strand which has at least partly solidified, as the print head moves along a predefined direction of travel. Provision is made for a melting facility which continuously applies heat locally to a region of the previously applied material strand during movement of the print head.

Abstract: Conveyed goods of grains are fed from a pressure vessel into a conveyor line at a feed point for conveyance to a discharge point for supply to an extrusion head. The goods are plasticized in the extrusion head and extruded in a punctiform manner via a nozzle of the extrusion head. The extrusion head is moved dynamically by a manipulator during extrusion of the plasticized goods. Conveyor gas is force into the conveyor line by a gas compressor and allowed to escape the conveyor line at a separation point in a region of the discharge point. A gas positive pressure is temporarily applied by the gas compressor to the pressure vessel as the goods are fed from the pressure vessel into the conveyor line while bypassing the conveyor line via a first valve and closing a second valve in the conveyor line between the feed point and the gas compressor.

Abstract: The invention provides a computer system for realtime control of machines. The computer system continually switches between a realtime programs EP providing control of peripheral devices A1, An, including control and/or regulation, and other programs within the realtime clock periods. The computer system has communications system KS and a a control system SS connected to the peripheral devices A1, An, particularly motor driver devices, over the communications system KS. A realtime clock signal T is generated from an independent cyclic communications clock T2 of the communications system KS, which has a communications processor KP that operates in realtime. When the control processor SP is remote from the communications processor KP, the realtime clock T may be regenerated an incoming bus clock signal B by a counter Z having upper and lower thresholds K2 and K1.

Abstract: The invention provides a computer system for realtime control of machines. The computer system continually switches between a realtime programs EP providing control of peripheral devices A1, An, including control and/or regulation, and other programs within the realtime clock periods. The computer system has communications system KS and a a control system SS connected to the peripheral devices A1, An, particularly motor driver devices, over the communications system KS. A realtime clock signal T is generated from an independent cyclic communications clock T2 of the communications system KS, which has a communications processor KP that operates in realtime. When the control processor SP is remote from the communications processor KP, the realtime clock T may be regenerated an incoming bus clock signal B by a counter Z having upper and lower thresholds K2 and K1.