Abstract: The DC electric motor has a stator which comprises a permanent magnet with a number p of pole pairs, and has a rotor which can rotate in relation to the stator and has a hollow-cylindrical iron-free winding with a geometric axis and a number Q of sub-coils, and a collector with a number K of collector segments, wherein the sub-coils are arranged distributed over the periphery of the rotor. The brush-commutated DC electric motor furthermore has at least one pair of brushes which are in contact with the collector and by means of which the sub-coils are energized. The arrangement of the brushes and the interconnection of the sub-coils are selected in such a way that in each case a number n?2 of sub-coils, which are each arranged offset by 360°/n in a rotationally symmetrical manner with respect to the axis of the rotor, are always supplied with the same current at the same time.

Abstract: A two-pole brush-commutated DC electric motor with a stator and a rotor with a hollow-cylindrical ironless winding having n coil segments and a commutator having n commutator segments. Each coil segment being electrically connected to two adjacent commutator segments. An axis of gravity intersects the rotor axis perpendicularly and passes through the center of gravity of a coil segment or a center line of the coil segment that passes through the center of gravity and the rotor axis spanning a coil plane that defines the angular position of the associated coil segment. Two brush contact surfaces of the commutator segments are electrically connected to this coil segment have a distance bisector intersecting the rotor axis perpendicularly. The distance bisector and the rotor axis span a commutator plane which defines the angular position of the associated commutator segments.

Abstract: A multipole rotor is disclosed for an electric motor, the rotor having a rotor core and a plurality of individual permanent magnets, which are distributed over a circumference of the rotor and which, when seen in a cross-sectional view of the rotor orthogonal to an axis of the rotor, have a convex curvature on the side facing the air gap between a stator of the electric motor and the rotor. Four respective permanent magnets, which are juxtaposed in the circumferential direction of the rotor, define together a magnetic pole pair, the magnetization direction of each individual permanent magnet enclosing an angle between 30° and 60° with a reference plane extending through the axis of the rotor and through the center of the respective permanent magnet.

Abstract: A two-pole brush-commutated DC electric motor with a stator and a rotor with a hollow-cylindrical ironless winding having n coil segments and a commutator having n commutator segments. Each coil segment being electrically connected to two adjacent commutator segments. An axis of gravity intersects the rotor axis perpendicularly and passes through the center of gravity of a coil segment or a center line of the coil segment that passes through the center of gravity and the rotor axis spanning a coil plane that defines the angular position of the associated coil segment. Two brush contact surfaces of the commutator segments are electrically connected to this coil segment have a distance bisector intersecting the rotor axis perpendicularly. The distance bisector and the rotor axis span a commutator plane which defines the angular position of the associated commutator segments.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments relate to a hollow-cylindrical coreless winding for an electric motor. The winding includes a plurality of single coils which are distributed across the circumference of the winding, wherein each single coil includes a plurality of turns which are spirally wound around a winding axis which is perpendicular to an axis of the winding. Successive single coils overlap in a roof tile manner. The winding includes at least two phase windings, each of the phase windings consisting of several ones of the single coils. The phase windings are offset with respect to each other in the circumferential direction of the hollow-cylindrical winding, so that the single coils of a first phase winding are disposed in the circumferential direction of the hollow-cylindrical winding between the single coils of a second phase winding. Each of the phase windings is wound from a continuous wire.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments relate to a hollow-cylindrical coreless winding for an electric motor. The winding includes a plurality of single coils which are distributed across the circumference of the winding, wherein each single coil includes a plurality of turns which are spirally wound around a winding axis which is perpendicular to an axis of the winding. Successive single coils overlap in a roof tile manner. The winding includes at least two phase windings, each of the phase windings consisting of several ones of the single coils. The phase windings are offset with respect to each other in the circumferential direction of the hollow-cylindrical winding, so that the single coils of a first phase winding are disposed in the circumferential direction of the hollow-cylindrical winding between the single coils of a second phase winding. Each of the phase windings is wound from a continuous wire.

Abstract: An electric motor is disclosed with an air-cored winding which is composed of a plurality of single coils made of wire, wherein the single coils overlap each other in an imbricated manner and the single coils are preformed to form an offset at least in the region of two opposite corners, so that half of the legs are located in a first plane and half of the legs are located in a second plane. A more inexpensive and more robust assembly of air-cored windings for electric motors can thereby be achieved.

Abstract: A bridge connector arrangement includes a bridge member moveable between engaged and disengaged positions relative to a pair of adjacent electrical modules, thereby to connect and disconnect rows of female terminals on the modules, The bridge member carries a plurality of male bridging contacts that extend within the female terminals when the bridge member is in the engaged position, whereupon the male bridging contacts are biased by clamping springs into electrical engagement with stationary wall contacts mounted in the female terminals. Release members carried by the bridge member are operable both to release the clamping springs from the male contacts, and to displace the bridge member toward the disengaged position relative to the modules. The bridge member and the modules include a tongue and groove guide arrangement, thereby to fasten both modules together mechanically.

Abstract: An electric motor is disclosed with an air-cored winding which is composed of a plurality of single coils made of wire, wherein the single coils overlap each other in an imbricated manner and the single coils are preformed to form an offset at least in the region of two opposite corners, so that half of the legs are located in a first plane and half of the legs are located in a second plane. A more inexpensive and more robust assembly of air-cored windings for electric motors can thereby be achieved.

Abstract: A bridge connector arrangement includes a bridge member moveable between engaged and disengaged positions relative to a pair of adjacent electrical modules, thereby to connect and disconnect rows of female terminals on the modules, The bridge member carries a plurality of male bridging contacts that extend within the female terminals when the bridge member is in the engaged position, whereupon the male bridging contacts are biased by clamping springs into electrical engagement with stationary wall contacts mounted in the female terminals. Release members carried by the bridge member are operable both to release the clamping springs from the male contacts, and to displace the bridge member toward the disengaged position relative to the modules. The bridge member and the modules include a tongue and groove guide arrangement, thereby to fasten both modules together mechanically.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical multiple circuit breaker with (N) first optical inputs (E1) (n)), whereby these inputs can be switched optionally to (N) first or (N) second optical outputs (A1(n)) and/or (A2(n)). Light rays (LS1(n)) and LS2(n)) are reflected or transmitted from two surfaces (27, 28), to which end the at most two recesses (25) of a transparent base body (1) that form these surfaces are filled optionally with an optically thinner or denser material (26). In accordance with a first embodiment, both surfaces (27, 28) are so arranged that, in the reflecting switching state, the first inputs (E1(n)) are optically connected to the first outputs (A1(n)), and the second inputs (E2(n)) are connected to the second outputs (A2(n)), and that in the transmission switching state, the first input (E1(n)) are optically connected to the second outputs (A2(n)).

Abstract: The invention relates to a self-centering arrangement of microstructured elements, particularly of microoptical components on a substrate serving as carrier. To provide microoptical components with projections that fit into corresponding recesses is known in the art. The invention provides a way to improve the mutual alignment of components (K1, K2) in that a deformation occurs when projections (Z1, Z2) are inserted into the recesses (A). This deformation may concern the projections or the recesses themselves or a molding material introduced between the projections and the recesses. The deformation improves the self-centering properties; in addition, manufacturing tolerances are more easily compensated. If the element cannot be provided with a suitable projection, an intermediate carrier is used, which is, for example, a plastic element produced by a LIGA process.