Abstract: The invention comprises a method of operating a water gas shift reactor in a transient state such as during reactor start-up, the method comprising: providing a water gas shift catalyst comprising an alkali metal or alkali metal compound; heating the water gas shift catalyst up to the reaction temperature of the water gas shift reaction under steam condensing conditions, by applying steam as a heat transfer medium for the water gas shift catalyst, and where the water gas shift catalyst has a total pore volume larger than the volume of liquid water that forms during the heating.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for enriching a synthesis gas in hydrogen by contacting said synthesis gas with a water gas shift catalyst, the synthesis gas being a CO-rich synthesis gas including at least 15 vol % CO and at least 1 ppmv sulfur, and the water gas shift catalyst including Zn, Al, optionally Cu, and an alkali metal or alkali metal compound; the water gas shift catalyst is free of chromium (Cr) and iron (Fe), and has a pore volume, as determined by mercury intrusion, of 240 ml/kg or higher.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an improved water gas shift catalyst, in particular an improved high temperature shift catalyst and process using the catalyst. The water gas shift catalyst includes Zn, Al, optionally Cu, and an alkali metal or alkali metal compound, wherein the content of alkali metal, preferably K, is in the range 1-6 wt %, such as 1-5 wt % or 2.5-5 wt % based on the weight of oxidized catalyst, and wherein the water gas shift catalyst has a pore volume, as determined by mercury intrusion, of 240 ml/kg or higher, such as 250 ml/kg or higher. A process for enriching a synthesis gas in hydrogen by contacting the synthesis gas in a water gas shift reactor with the water gas shift catalyst.

Abstract: In a broad form the present disclosure relates to a stabilized catalyst support comprising in oxide form; aluminum, zirconium, and one or more lanthanoid elements taken from the lanthanoid group of the periodic system characterized in that at least a part of the aluminum is present as transition alumina such as ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? and ?-alumina, characterized in the concentration of zirconium being at least 1.5 wt %, 5 wt % or 10 wt %, the concentration of lanthanoid being at least 0.5 wt %, 1.0 wt %, 2 wt % or 4 wt % and the combined concentration of zirconium and lanthanoid being at least 4 wt %, 7 wt % or 10 wt %, with the associated benefit of a support comprising transition alumina being a high surface area due to the small crystallites typical for transition alumina, and the benefit of the combined presence of oxides of zirconium and lanthanoid in the stated amounts being that at these levels these oxides stabilize the structure of the transition alumina.

Abstract: In a broad form the present disclosure relates to a stabilized catalyst support comprising in oxide form; aluminum, zirconium, and one or more lanthanoid elements taken from the lanthanoid group of the periodic system characterized in that at least a part of the aluminum is present as transition alumina such as ?, ?, ?, ?, ? and ?-alumina, characterized in the concentration of zirconium being at least 1.5 wt %, 5 wt % or 10 wt %, the concentration of lanthanoid being at least 0.5 wt %, 1.0 wt %, 2 wt % or 4 wt % and the combined concentration of zirconium and lanthanoid being at least 4 wt %, 7 wt % or 10 wt %, with the associated benefit of a support comprising transition alumina being a high surface area due to the small crystallites typical for transition alumina, and the benefit of the combined presence of oxides of zirconium and lanthanoid in the stated amounts being that at these levels these oxides stabilize the structure of the transition alumina.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenation of carbon oxides comprising contacting a gas mixture containing carbon oxides and of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising bimetallic iron-nickel or iron-cobalt alloys as the active catalytic material supported on a carrier of an oxide. The carrier is preferably formed to have a surface area greater than 20 m2/g.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenation of carbon oxides comprising contacting a gas mixture containing carbon oxides and of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising bimetallic iron-nickel or iron-cobalt alloys as the active catalytic material supported on a carrier of an oxide. The carrier is preferably formed to have a surface area greater than 20 m2/g.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of ammonia from ammonia synthesis gas by contacting the synthesis gas with a bimetallic catalyst comprising a Group VIII metal combined with a Group VIB metal at conditions being effective in the formation of ammonia, wherein the bimetallic catalyst is in its nitride form during contact with the synthesis gas.