Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials, an organic electroluminescent compound, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. An organic electroluminescent device with improved driving voltage, luminous efficiency and/or lifespan properties can be provided by comprising the specific combination of compounds according to the present disclosure as a host material, or by comprising compounds according to the present disclosure.

Abstract: Provided is a method for cleaning a substrate processing apparatus. The method includes loading a substrate into a chamber, injecting a gas containing at least one of Zn, Ga, In, or Sn into the chamber to deposit a thin film on the substrate, unloading the substrate to the outside of the chamber, injecting a cleaning gas containing Br into the chamber, and exhausting byproducts generated through a reaction between impurities deposited inside the chamber in addition to the substrate and the cleaning gas in the depositing of the thin film. Therefore, the inside of the apparatus may be cleaned at relatively low temperature. That is, impurities having the form of the thin film, which are deposited on a surface of a component or structure installed inside the apparatus may be delaminated from the surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a compound of following formula and an organic light emitting device and an organic light emitting display device including the compound. The compound of the present disclosure serves as a host or a dopant in an emitting material layer.

Abstract: Provided is a pouch-type battery cell capable of being directly accommodated in a battery pack, and a battery pack including the same. In the battery pack, a heat exchange portion of a battery cell assembly formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells each including an electrode tab lead portion and a heat exchange portion is configured to be in contact with a heat conduction member disposed on a bottom portion of a housing without a sealed surface, and a corner portion formed to protrude from one end of the electrode tab lead portion is configured to be accommodated through a bus bar assembly, a cover plate, or a step portion of the bottom portion of the housing to be electrically insulated.

Abstract: Disclosed are a raw material supply method including vaporizing a raw material in a canister, discharging the vaporized raw material, measuring an inner temperature of the canister, calculating a calculated temperature by using the inner temperature, and compensating a variation of the inner temperature by heating a heating unit disposed on the canister at the calculated temperature and a raw material supply apparatus applied to the method for supplying the raw material. The raw material supply method and apparatus may stably supply the vaporized raw material to a process space.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a passive optical network (PON)-based video overlay pluggable type optical network device that is easily connected and detached from an indoor optical network terminal (ONT) at a subscriber side, which transmits and receives an optical signal in which a video RF optical signal and a PON optical signal are overlaid, wherein a PON board for receiving and processing the PON optical signals and a video RF board for receiving and processing the video RF optical signals are easily removed for replacement from a housing including an optical sub-assembly (OSA), which separates the PON optical signal and the video RF optical signal, and the PON board and the video RF board are individually designed and configured in a removable manner so that interference between the signals is minimized and selective combinations and production are possible according to various types of PONs and video services.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a passive optical network (PON)-based video overlay pluggable type optical network device that is easily connected and detached from an indoor optical network terminal (ONT) at a subscriber side, which transmits and receives an optical signal in which a video RF optical signal and a PON optical signal are overlaid, wherein a PON board for receiving and processing the PON optical signals and a video RF board for receiving and processing the video RF optical signals are easily removed for replacement from a housing including an optical sub-assembly (OSA), which separates the PON optical signal and the video RF optical signal, and the PON board and the video RF board are individually designed and configured in a removable manner so that interference between the signals is minimized and selective combinations and production are possible according to various types of PONs and video services.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical transceiver using FEC, an optical transceiving system comprising the same, and a remote optical wavelength control method and, specifically, to an optical transceiver using FEC, the optical transceiver comprising: a laser diode driver (LDD) for driving a laser diode (LD) for outputting light; a transmitter optical sub-assembly (TOSA) for transmitting an optical signal received from the LD driver; a receiver optical sub-assembly (ROSA) for receiving the optical signal from the transmitter optical sub-assembly; a micro controller unit (MCU) for controlling the transmitter optical sub-assembly and the receiver optical sub-assembly and analyzing the optical signal; and a forward error correction (FEC) which is controlled by the micro controller unit and generates the optical signal by including, in an overhead excess data frame, control or monitoring request information of a subscriber-side base station.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical transceiver using FEC, an optical transceiving system comprising the same, and a remote optical wavelength control method and, specifically, to an optical transceiver using FEC, the optical transceiver comprising: a laser diode driver (LDD) for driving a laser diode (LD) for outputting light; a transmitter optical sub-assembly (TOSA) for transmitting an optical signal received from the LD driver; a receiver optical sub-assembly (ROSA) for receiving the optical signal from the transmitter optical sub-assembly; a micro controller unit (MCU) for controlling the transmitter optical sub-assembly and the receiver optical sub-assembly and analyzing the optical signal; and a forward error correction (FEC) which is controlled by the micro controller unit and generates the optical signal by including, in an overhead excess data frame, control or monitoring request information of a subscriber-side base station.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and an image forming method thereof are provided. An image forming apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present general inventive concept comprises a decoder to decode a compressed image to convert the compressed image into image data, a pure black determining unit to determine whether the image data is pure black by using information of the converted image data, a section classifying unit to classify the image data into a text section and an image section by using a result of the pure black determination, and a color coordinate converter to perform color coordinate conversion on the image section of the classified sections. Therefore, it is possible to improve readability of black text.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of controlling the same in which input image data is divided into blocks and color chrominance data of each block is analyzed thereby perform a print job by automatically detecting whether an image should be print in color or pure black.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of controlling the same in which input image data is divided into blocks and color chrominance data of each block is analyzed thereby perform a print job by automatically detecting whether an image should be print in color or pure black.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of controlling the same in which input image data is divided into blocks and color chrominance data of each block is analyzed thereby perform a print job by automatically detecting whether an image should be print in color or pure black.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and an image forming method thereof are provided. An image forming apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present general inventive concept comprises a decoder to decode a compressed image to convert the compressed image into image data, a pure black determining unit to determine whether the image data is pure black by using information of the converted image data, a section classifying unit to classify the image data into a text section and an image section by using a result of the pure black determination, and a color coordinate converter to perform color coordinate conversion on the image section of the classified sections. Therefore, it is possible to improve readability of black text.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of controlling the same in which input image data is divided into blocks and color chrominance data of each block is analyzed thereby perform a print job by automatically detecting whether an image should be print in color or pure black.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for processing image data using error diffusion. The apparatus and method decode image data compressed in a joint photographic experts group (JPEG) format, convert the image data into color coordinates without storing the image data in a memory, and perform a binarization by calculating error values in accordance with the image data in the unit of block to generate a final output data which is 1 bit long. Since the apparatus and method for processing image data using error diffusion do not require an operation of transmitting and storing the image data to a system memory through a DMA controller, the performance of a system is improved. Also, since the memory does not require a large storage space to store the decoded image data, its utility is improved.