Abstract: Provided are a physical coding sublayer (PCS) apparatus and an Ethernet layer architecture for a network-based tunable-wavelength passive optical network (T-PON) system employing an Ethernet communications technology, and more particularly, to a PCS apparatus and an Ethernet layer architecture for supporting a series of initialization function of allocating wavelengths between an optical line terminal (OLT) and an optical network terminal (ONT) and arranging the allocated wavelengths. A PCS layer transmits and allocates wavelength information such that wavelengths for setting a link between an OLT and an ONT are allocated, optical wavelengths within the ONT are observed while a system operates to allow continuous control so that operating of the system can be stably maintained.

Abstract: An LC device having a substrate, a support layer having upper and lower sides formed on the substrate, inductors formed on either the upper or lower side of the support layer, and capacitors formed in the opposite side of the support layer. The support layer may be formed of a low-k dielectric material, and a connection portion may be provided to connect the inductors and capacitors in the support layer. The inductors and capacitors are disposed in a stacked structure on the upper and lower sides of the low-k dielectric support layer on the substrate, so that space efficiency may be maximized on the substrate. The low-k dielectric support layer provides support between the inductors and capacitors so that substrate loss is minimized and a Q factor of the inductors is enhanced.

Abstract: An LC device having a substrate, a support layer having upper and lower sides formed on the substrate, inductors formed on either the upper or lower side of the support layer, and capacitors formed in the opposite side of the support layer. The support layer may be formed of a low-k dielectric material, and a connection portion may be provided to connect the inductors and capacitors in the support layer. The inductors and capacitors are disposed in a stacked structure on the upper and lower sides of the low-k dielectric support layer on the substrate, so that space efficiency may be maximized on the substrate. The low-k dielectric support layer provides support between the inductors and capacitors so that substrate loss is minimized and a Q factor of the inductors is enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method for preserving a frame sequence and distributing traffic in a multi-channel link, which efficiently distributes frame traffic while preserving the transmission sequence of frames in a link composed of multiple channels, and to a multi-channel transmitter using the apparatus and method. The present invention determines whether the preservation of a sequence of frames is required using information about received frames, predicts a frame transmission service finish time on the basis of the length of frames if the sequence preservation is required, determines a sequence preservation service time (SPST) on the basis of the predicted transmission service finish time, stores the frames in a sequence preservation buffer for the SPST, and distributes the frames to idle transmitters at a termination point of the SPST, thus maximizing the efficiency of channel use.

Abstract: The present provides a method of dynamically managing multicast groups and allocating multicast service wavelengths for the highest channel efficiency. According to the present invention, the share indices of wavelengths of all multicast service groups, which employ broadcasting wavelengths and data wavelengths, are periodically ascertained on the basis of IGMP snooping-based technology in a WDM-PON. Based on the ascertainment results, if the channel share index of the group that employs the broadcasting wavelength is smaller than the channel share index of the group that employs the data wavelength, the share index of the wavelength of the multicast group that employs the broadcasting wavelength is maximized by dynamically changing allocation of the wavelength of the multicast group, so that a maximum multicast service can be provided within limited resources.

Abstract: A termination device for use in a WDM-SCM PON system can effectively support a multi-channel integration function of a WDM/SCM PON system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a WDM/SCM-PON and a media access control method for asymmetric packet communication in the same. In the WDM/SCM-PON, each SCM channel is classified and used as a link by adopting an SCM technique of subdividing a wavelength band of up/downstream data links between an OLT and ONTs into frequency bands, and the ONTs are formed so that a certain SCM channel is independently distributed not fixedly assigned. Accordingly, an inventory problem, which can be generated in WDM/SCM, is prevented before happens, asymmetric dynamic band allocation is performed, and asymmetric service of up/downstream transmission is supported. As a result, a band required for next generation service is dynamically provided, optical interference effect is minimized, and Ethernet compatibility is provided so that Ethernet service suitable for providing IP service can be accommodated.

Abstract: An LC device having a substrate, a support layer having upper and lower sides formed on the substrate, inductors formed on either the upper or lower side of the support layer, and capacitors formed in the opposite side of the support layer. The support layer may be formed of a low-k dielectric material, and a connection portion may be provided to connect the inductors and capacitors in the support layer. The inductors and capacitors are disposed in a stacked structure on the upper and lower sides of the low-k dielectric support layer on the substrate, so that space efficiency may be maximized on the substrate. The low-k dielectric support layer provides support between the inductors and capacitors so that substrate loss is minimized and a Q factor of the inductors is enhanced.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube with a panel that has a thickness of the central portion of an effective area of a screen surface that is TC, a thickness of a vertical edge that is TV, a thickness of a horizontal edge portion that is TH, and a thickness of an edge in a diagonal direction that is TD. The respective values of TC, TV, TH and TD satisfy the expression (TH−TC)+(TV−TC)+(TD−TC)<TC/3, and the radius of curvature in the diagonal direction of the outer surface of the effective area is 1450 mm or more. Thus, by limiting the difference in thickness of the central portion and the peripheral portion of the effective screen area of the panel and the curvature radius of the inner and outer surfaces of the effective screen, the weight of the panel is reduced and an increase of an incident angle caused by flatness of the screen panel is prevented so that a convergence feature of an electron beam is improved.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube with a panel that has a thickness of the central portion of an effective area of a screen surface that is TC, a thickness of a vertical edge that is TV, a thickness of a horizontal edge portion that is TH, and a thickness of an edge in a diagonal direction that is TD. The respective values of TC, TV, TH and TD satisfy the expression (TH−TC)+(TV−TC)+(TD−TC)<TC/3, and the radius of curvature in the diagonal direction of the outer surface of the effective area is 1450 mm or more. Thus, by limiting the difference in thickness of the central portion and the peripheral portion of the effective screen area of the panel and the curvature radius of the inner and outer surfaces of the effective screen, the weight of the panel is reduced and an increase of an incident angle caused by flatness of the screen panel is prevented so that a convergence feature of an electron beam is improved.