Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment comprises: an insulation layer; a circuit pattern disposed on the upper surface or under the lower surface of the insulation layer; and a buffer layer disposed on at least one surface of the upper surface and the lower surface of the insulation layer, wherein the buffer layer includes carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, the ratio of the nitrogen to the carbon ((carbon/nitrogen)*100) is 5 to 15, and the ratio of the oxygen to the carbon ((carbon/oxygen)*100) is 15 to 30.

Abstract: A display device is provided. A display device including a plurality of light-output areas through which incident light is emitted and a light-blocking area which blocks the incident light, the display device includes a substrate, a bank layer which is disposed in the light-blocking area on the substrate and defines a plurality of openings, each of which is disposed in one of the plurality of light-output areas, and a color control pattern disposed in the opening of the bank layer, wherein the bank layer includes a first bank area which has a first thickness and defines the plurality of openings and a second bank area which is disposed between the plurality of openings and has a second thickness smaller than the first thickness.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery management apparatus capable of effectively reducing the current consumption of a component for waking up a microcontroller unit. The battery management apparatus includes a wake-up unit, a first power supply path, a first regulator, a first switching element, a feedback module, and a microcontroller unit configured to convert a sleep mode to a wake-up mode by receiving a wake-up signal from the wake-up unit and connected to the feedback module to turn off the first switching element.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a recycled positive electrode active material, a method of producing the recycled positive electrode active material, and a secondary battery including the same. The recycled positive electrode active material, including: 60 mol % or more of Ni; and crystalline LiF, or 0.24% by weight or less of residual Li2CO3, where the recycled positive electrode active material is one or more selected from the group consisting of a lithium nickel oxide (LNO)-based positive electrode active material, a nickel·cobalt·manganese (NCM)-based positive electrode active material, a nickel·cobalt·aluminum (NCA)-based positive electrode active material, and a nickel·cobalt·manganese·aluminum (NCMA)-based positive electrode active material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a recycled cathode active material, a method of producing the same, and a secondary battery including the same. Specifically, the method of producing a recycled cathode active material according to the present disclosure includes: step (a) of separating a current collector from a cathode active material layer and recovering a cathode active material in the cathode active material layer by thermally decomposing a binder and a conductive material in the cathode active material layer by heat-treating a waste cathode including the current collector and the cathode active material layer formed on the current collector; and step (b) of adding a lithium precursor and a cobalt-containing coating agent to the recovered cathode active material and performing annealing.

Abstract: A battery pack configured to, in response to occurrence of a predetermined event in a certain battery cell, reduce propagation of heat to an adjacent cell. The battery pack includes battery cells and a cover member configured to cover the battery cells. The cover member includes a reinforcement cover on the battery cells. The reinforcement cover includes flange portions arranged in two rows at a central part of the reinforcement cover and extending in the arrangement direction of the battery cells.

Abstract: A battery pack capable of, upon occurrence of an event in a certain battery cell, reducing propagation of heat to a cell adjacent thereto and capable of preventing or substantially preventing sagging of a casing is provided. A battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells including vents, each of which is located in a surface of a respective one of the plurality of battery cells, a cover member configured to accommodate the plurality of battery cells, and a cooling plate, which is located in an area in which the vents are located and is in contact with the cover member. The cooling plate includes vent protruding portions located corresponding to the vents and protruding in a direction opposite the cover member.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a recycled positive electrode active material, a method of producing the recycled positive electrode active material, and a secondary battery including the same. The recycled positive electrode active material, including: 60 mol % or more of Ni, 250 mg/kg or less of fluorine (F), and having a crystallite size of 122 nm or less, where the recycled positive electrode active material is one or more selected from the group consisting of a lithium nickel oxide (LNO)-based positive electrode active material, a nickel·cobalt·manganese (NCM)-based positive electrode active material, a nickel·cobalt·aluminum (NCA)-based positive electrode active material, and a nickel·cobalt·manganese·aluminum (NCMA)-based positive electrode active material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant protein for preventing or treating tissue fibrosis, which is based on milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) protein and comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and to a composition for preventing or treating tissue fibrosis, which comprises the recombinant protein. The level of the effect of preventing or treating tissue fibrosis by the recombinant protein of the present invention is significantly improved compared to that of conventional milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) protein, so that the level of tissue fibrosis can be restored to a level very close to that in normal tissue by the prevention and treatment of tissue fibrosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant protein for preventing or treating tissue fibrosis, which is based on milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) protein and comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and to a composition for preventing or treating tissue fibrosis, which comprises the recombinant protein. The level of the effect of preventing or treating tissue fibrosis by the recombinant protein of the present invention is significantly improved compared to that of conventional milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) protein, so that the level of tissue fibrosis can be restored to a level very close to that in normal tissue by the prevention and treatment of tissue fibrosis.