Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds of Chemical Formula 1, optical isomers of the compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds or the optical isomers. The compounds, isomers, and salts exhibit excellent activity as GLP-1 receptor agonists. In particular, they, as GLP-1 receptor agonists, exhibit excellent glucose tolerance, thus having a great potential to be used as therapeutic agents for metabolic diseases. Moreover, they exhibit excellent pharmacological safety for cardiovascular systems.

Abstract: A diagnostic kit disclosed herein comprises a nanoparticle-biomaterial complex, an extraction solution, a collection electrode, and a current peak measurement unit. The nanoparticle-biomaterial complex comprises: one or more nanoparticles selected from a metal group consisting of zinc, cadmium, lead, copper, gallium, arsenic, thallium, nickel, manganese and bismuth; one or more biomaterial-binding materials binding to the nanoparticles through a binding-stabilizing agent and binding specifically to the biomaterials to be detected; and a binding-stabilizing agent forming bonds between the nanoparticles and the biomaterial-binding materials. The extraction solution serves to isolate and extract the nanoparticles from the nanoparticle-biomaterial complex. The collection electrode serves to collect the nanoparticles from the extraction solution. The current peak measurement unit serves to measure current peaks corresponding to the nanoparticles collected from the collection electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an air supercharger for vehicle engines. The air supercharger includes a cylindrical housing. Support ribs extend from the inner circumference of the housing to the center thereof. A shaft support pipe is provided at a predetermined position on the support ribs. A locking surface is provided on an upper end of the inner circumference of the housing. A stationary blade body is inserted into the housing and held between the locking surface and a stop surface of the housing. The stationary blade body includes support rims, stationary blades, and elastic parts. A rotating shaft is installed in the shaft support pipe. A rotary blade body is inserted into the stationary blade body and coupled to the rotating shaft. The rotary blade body includes a blade support pipe and rotary blades. Locking rings are provided on upper and lower ends of an outer circumference of the housing.

Abstract: A process for producing a beverage composition containing pine sprout extract.