Abstract: A printed circuit board includes a substrate; and a hole passing through first and second surfaces of the substrate. The hole includes an area in which a width of the hole formed in an inner side of the substrate is formed larger than that of an opening formed on the first surface and/or the second surface.

Abstract: The present inventive concept provides a multiple separation device and a method of separating a blood cancer cell using the same. In the device and the method, a blood sample is put in a fine channel and then cancer cells can be separated according to the type of cancer by controlling a flow velocity of the blood or a magnetic force of ferromagnetic pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes a substrate; and a hole passing through first and second surfaces of the substrate. The hole includes an area in which a width of the hole formed in an inner side of the substrate is formed larger than that of an opening formed on the first surface and/or the second surface.

Abstract: Provided are a multiple discrimination device and a method of manufacturing the same. According to the multiple discrimination device, a three-dimensional micro ferromagnetic pattern is optimally designed and arranged to allow a magnetic force applied to a discrimination-target particle to be discriminated to be well controlled to perform discrimination well. The method employs a semiconductor processing technology, thereby precisely manufacturing and allowing mass production.

Abstract: A multipurpose window having various functions including ventilation, lighting, and security is provided. The multipurpose window includes: a frame; a plurality of doors configured to be arranged in a row in the frame; and a pair of link assemblies configured to be installed on both sides of each of the doors, configured to link the doors and configured to open or shut the frame by being folded or unfolded.

Abstract: The present inventive concept provides a multiple separation device and a method of separating a blood cancer cell using the same. In the device and the method, a blood sample is put in a fine channel and then cancer cells can be separated according to the type of cancer by controlling a flow velocity of the blood or a magnetic force of ferromagnetic pattern.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for culturing a cell and analyzing a cell reaction. The apparatus may include a plurality of cell culturing rooms, cell injection ports connected to the cell culturing rooms through cell injection channels, respectively, and used for injecting different cells from each other into the cell culturing rooms, the number of the cell injection ports being the same as that of the cell culturing rooms, and a reagent injection port to inject a reagent into the cell culturing rooms.

Abstract: Provided are a multiple separation device and a method of separating cancer cells in blood using the device. In this device and method, twice magnetophoresis separation steps are performed. At a second magnetophoresis separation step, shapes of ferromagnetic patterns are changed to separate cancer cells into cancer kinds.

Abstract: Provided are a multiple analysis device and a method of analyzing cancer cells in blood using the device. In this device and method, it can analyze the cancer cells along cancer kinds by using the magnetic nanoparticles combined to the markers of the cancer cells and the difference of the magnetic fields of them.

Abstract: A multipurpose window having various functions including ventilation, lighting, and security is provided. The multipurpose window includes: a frame; a plurality of doors configured to be arranged in a row in the frame; and a pair of link assemblies configured to be installed on both sides of each of the doors, configured to link the doors and configured to open or shut the frame by being folded or unfolded.

Abstract: An array apparatus for dividing a single cell includes: a fluid channel having one or more spaces for separating a single cell included in a fluid; an air valve channel positioned at an upper portion of an entrance and exit of the spaces formed in the fluid channel and controlling a fluid flow in the fluid channel; a pressure channel positioned at upper portions of the spaces formed in the fluid channel and dividing the single cell separated from the spaces; and a cell trapping structure installed in the interior of the spaces formed in the fluid channel and separating a single cell included in the fluid flowing along the fluid channel.

Abstract: In a gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON) and a method for bandwidth allocation in the GPON system, when an optical network unit (ONU) requests a bandwidth less than its preset minimum bandwidth, the requested bandwidth is allocated to the ONU. When there are traffic-container (T-CONT) classes of ONUs not allocated bandwidth after the requested bandwidth allocation, a spare bandwidth after the requested bandwidth allocation is dynamically allocated to the T-CONT class of each ONU according to a weight of each T-CONT class and a percentage of each T-CONT buffer queue. Thus, in the short term, upstream channel transmission according to T-CONT priority in a congested state can be ensured, and, in the long run, network traffic congestion can be prevented.

Abstract: In a gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON) system and in a method for bandwidth allocation in a passive optical network (PON) system, a minimum bandwidth is allocated to optical network units (ONUs) for minimal transmission assurance dependent on a traffic characteristic of each ONU, and when there is a traffic-container (T-CONT) class of an ONU not allocated bandwidth after minimum bandwidth allocation to all ONUs, an extra bandwidth remaining after minimum bandwidth allocation is dynamically allocated to each T-CONT class according to a weight of the T-CONT class. Thus, efficient bandwidth allocation, considering fairness between ONUs and priority of each T-CONT, is realized.