Abstract: A cylindrical secondary battery module includes: a plurality of cylindrical secondary battery cells respectively having a battery case in which an electrode assembly and an electrolyte are accommodated; a cell frame at which the plurality of cylindrical secondary battery cells are disposed; and a lid coupled to the cell frame and having a flame outlet. The cell frame includes: a plurality of plate members bent and coupled to intersect each other; and a space formed between the plurality of plate members so that the cylindrical secondary battery cells are disposed therein.

Abstract: A pseudo dual port memory device in which an operating speed is improved and stability is increased is provided. The pseudo dual port memory device may include a memory cell, a pair of bit lines connected to the memory cell, a write driver, a sense amp, and a column multiplexer which is connected to the bit lines, receives a write multiplexer control signal and a read multiplexer control signal, connects the bit lines to the write driver in response to the write multiplexer control signal, and connects the bit lines to the sense amp in response to the read multiplexer control signal. A precharge control signal generation circuit which is connected to the column multiplexer may generate a precharge control signal on the basis of the read and write multiplexer control signals, and a bit line precharge circuit may precharge the bit lines based on the precharge control signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for channel bonding-based multi-antenna signal transmission in a broadcasting system. An apparatus for channel bonding-based multi-antenna signal transmission includes an input formatting unit for converting input data into a Physical Layer Pipe (PLP), a stream partitioning unit for partitioning the PLP into pieces of data to be transmitted to two or more channels, respectively, and two or more transmission units for transmitting the pieces of data resulting from partitioning to corresponding channels through multiple antennas.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for decoding a bootstrap signal. The apparatus for decoding a bootstrap signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an operation unit for calculating the relative cyclic shift and the channel gain estimate of a received bootstrap signal and correcting the channel gain estimate using the relative cyclic shift, and a decoding unit for decoding the bootstrap signal using the corrected channel gain estimate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for decoding a bootstrap signal. The apparatus for decoding a bootstrap signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an operation unit for calculating the relative cyclic shift and the channel gain estimate of a received bootstrap signal and correcting the channel gain estimate using the relative cyclic shift, and a decoding unit for decoding the bootstrap signal using the corrected channel gain estimate.

Abstract: A broadcast signal transmission apparatus and method using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. A broadcast signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame using the time-interleaved signal; and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter configured to generate a pilot signal that is shared by a core layer corresponding to the core layer signal and an enhanced layer corresponding to the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: A broadcast signal transmission apparatus and method using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. A broadcast signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame using the time-interleaved signal; and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter configured to generate a pilot signal that is shared by a core layer corresponding to the core layer signal and an enhanced layer corresponding to the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: A broadcast signal transmission apparatus and method using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. A broadcast signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame using the time-interleaved signal; and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter configured to generate a pilot signal that is shared by a core layer corresponding to the core layer signal and an enhanced layer corresponding to the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: A broadcast signal transmission apparatus and method using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. A broadcast signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame using the time-interleaved signal; and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter configured to generate a pilot signal that is shared by a core layer corresponding to the core layer signal and an enhanced layer corresponding to the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: A broadcast signal transmission apparatus and method using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. A broadcast signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame using the time-interleaved signal; and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter configured to generate a pilot signal that is shared by a core layer corresponding to the core layer signal and an enhanced layer corresponding to the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: A broadcast signal transmission apparatus and method using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. A broadcast signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame using the time-interleaved signal; and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter configured to generate a pilot signal that is shared by a core layer corresponding to the core layer signal and an enhanced layer corresponding to the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of transmitting, by a transmission device, broadcast signals in a frequency-shared terrestrial broadcast system. The method includes generating the broadcast signals including pilot signals arranged at a physical layer frame based on a group identification (ID) defined according to a broadcast service, and transmitting the generated broadcast signals to a reception device, wherein the positions of the pilot signals arranged at the physical layer frame are different by group IDs.

Abstract: A transmitting and receiving apparatus and method for separating multiple broadcast signals from each other in a terrestrial cloud broadcast system are provided. A terrestrial cloud broadcast signal transmitting apparatus may include a plurality of transmitters for transmitting a plurality of terrestrial cloud broadcast signals, wherein each of the plurality of transmitters includes, an encoder encoding input data to generate a code word and a scrambler scrambling the generated code word using a scramble sequence uniquely allocated for each transmitter so that the plurality of terrestrial cloud broadcast signals are distinguished from each other.

Abstract: A transmitting/receiving apparatus and method for separating multiple broadcast signals in a terrestrial cloud broadcast service are provided. A method of transmitting a terrestrial cloud broadcast signal by a terrestrial cloud broadcast signal transmitting apparatus may include generating the terrestrial cloud broadcast signal based on a frame structure for terrestrial cloud broadcast, the frame structure including a plurality of sub-frames, wherein a first sub-frame of the sub-frames includes two or more preamble symbols and transmitting the generated terrestrial cloud broadcast signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of transmitting, by a transmission device, broadcast signals in a frequency-shared terrestrial broadcast system. The method includes generating the broadcast signals including pilot signals arranged at a physical layer frame based on a group identification (ID) defined according to a broadcast service, and transmitting the generated broadcast signals to a reception device, wherein the positions of the pilot signals arranged at the physical layer frame are different by group IDs.

Abstract: A transmitting/receiving apparatus and method for separating multiple broadcast signals in a terrestrial cloud broadcast service are provided. A method of transmitting a terrestrial cloud broadcast signal by a terrestrial cloud broadcast signal transmitting apparatus may include generating the terrestrial cloud broadcast signal based on a frame structure for terrestrial cloud broadcast, the frame structure including a plurality of sub-frames, wherein a first sub-frame of the sub-frames includes two or more preamble symbols and transmitting the generated terrestrial cloud broadcast signal.

Abstract: A transmitting and receiving apparatus and method for separating multiple broadcast signals from each other in a terrestrial cloud broadcast system are provided. A terrestrial cloud broadcast signal transmitting apparatus may include a plurality of transmitters for transmitting a plurality of terrestrial cloud broadcast signals, wherein each of the plurality of transmitters includes, an encoder encoding input data to generate a code word and a scrambler scrambling the generated code word using a scramble sequence uniquely allocated for each transmitter so that the plurality of terrestrial cloud broadcast signals are distinguished from each other.

Abstract: A method for detecting a space-time block code is provided. The method includes randomly selecting one initial candidate layer (xN) with respect to a signal vector {tilde over (y)}, applying a DF algorithm to first J number of layers (xN?1, xN?2, . . . , xN?J) with respect to all the available candidate symbols within the initial candidate layer (xN) to generate candidate symbols of each of the J number of layers, re-arranging the J number of layers, selecting the lowest layer of the re-arranged J number of layers as a new candidate layer, performing a DF process on the other remaining layers, excluding the new candidate layer, to generate N-dimensional candidate symbol vectors xi, and performing a maximum likelihood detection on the xi to detect an N-dimensional input vector {circumflex over (x)}.

Abstract: A method for detecting a space-time block code is provided. The method includes randomly selecting one initial candidate layer (xN) with respect to a signal vector {tilde over (y)}, applying a DF algorithm to first J number of layers (xN-1, xN-2, . . . , xN-J) with respect to all the available candidate symbols within the initial candidate layer (xN) to generate candidate symbols of each of the J number of layers, re-arranging the J number of layers, selecting the lowest layer of the re-arranged J number of layers as a new candidate layer, performing a DF process on the other remaining layers, excluding the new candidate layer, to generate N-dimensional candidate symbol vectors xi, and performing a maximum likelihood detection on the xi to detect an N-dimensional input vector {circumflex over (x)}.

Abstract: An efficient decoding scheme of a receiver in a wireless communication system including a transmitter for encoding data into quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes (STBCs) and transmitting the STBCs through a plurality of transmit antennas using fading channels, and a receiver for receiving data through a plurality of receive antennas. In the decoding scheme, channel matched filtering is performed on M N-dimensional equivalent reception vectors {right arrow over (y)}m received through M receive antennas and N-dimensional channel matched filtered vectors {right arrow over (y)}m,mat are outputted. P L-dimensional sub-channel matched filtered vectors {right arrow over (y)}m,mati are generated from each of the N-dimensional channel matched filtered vectors {right arrow over (y)}m,mat. P L-dimensional sub-equivalent channel matched filtered vectors {right arrow over (y)}m,mati are generated using the sub-channel matched filtered vectors {right arrow over (y)}m,mati.