Abstract: The application is directed to efficient and economical processes as described in more detail below for the preparation of the beta 3 agonists of the formula of I-7 and intermediate compounds that can be used for making these agonists. The present disclosure relates to a process for making beta-3 agonists and intermediates using ketoreductase (KRED) biocatalyst enzymes and methods of using the biocatalysts.

Abstract: The application is directed to efficient and economical processes as described in more detail below for the preparation of the beta 3 agonists of the formula of I-7 and intermediate compounds that can be used for making these agonists. The present disclosure relates to a process for making beta-3 agonists and intermediates using ketoreductase (KRED) biocatalyst enzymes and methods of using the biocatalysts.

Abstract: The application is directed to efficient and economical processes as described in more detail below for the preparation of the beta 3 agonists of the formula of I-7 and intermediate compounds that can be used for making these agonists. The present disclosure relates to a process for making beta-3 agonists and intermediates using ketoreductase (KED) biocatalyst enzymes and methods of using the biocatalysts.

Abstract: The application is directed to efficient and economical processes as described in more detail below for the preparation of the beta 3 agonists of the formula of I-7 and intermediate compounds that can be used for making these agonists. The present disclosure relates to a process for making beta-3 agonists and intermediates using ketoreductase (KRED) biocatalyst enzymes and methods of using the biocatalysts.

Abstract: The application is directed to efficient and economical processes as described in more detail below for the preparation of the beta 3 agonists of the formula of I-7 and intermediate compounds that can be used for making these agonists. The present disclosure relates to a process for making beta-3 agonists and intermediates using ketoreductase (KRED) biocatalyst enzymes and methods of using the biocatalysts.

Abstract: The application is directed to efficient and economical processes as described in more detail below for the preparation of the beta 3 agonists of the formula of I-7 and intermediate compounds that can be used for making these agonists. The present disclosure relates to a process for making beta-3 agonists and intermediates using ketoreductase (KRED) biocatalyst enzymes and methods of using the biocatalysts.

Abstract: The application is directed to efficient and economical processes as described in more detail below for the preparation of the beta 3 agonists of the formula of I-7 and intermediate compounds that can be used for making these agonists. The present disclosure relates to a process for making beta-3 agonists and intermediates using ketoreductase (KRED) biocatalyst enzymes and methods of using the biocatalysts.

Abstract: An electric vehicle route guide system includes: a location sensor that measures a current location of an electric vehicle; a roadmap storage having link information and node information for providing a running route; a route calculator that searches for a route having a smallest total value of a compensation link cost that is generated by adding a time link cost in consideration of a running time to an energy-based link cost on each link basis from a departure point to a destination as an optimal energy route; a display that displays information for route guide of the optimal energy route; and a controller that controls operations of the location sensor, the roadmap storage, the route calculator, and the display for the search and route guide through a navigation program.

Abstract: The present invention includes compounds useful as intermediates in the preparation of macrolactams, methods for preparing the intermediates, and methods for preparing macrolactams. One use of the methods and intermediates described herein is in the production of macrolactam compounds able to inhibit HCV NS3 protease activity. HCV NS3 inhibitory compounds have therapeutic and research applications.

Abstract: An electric vehicle route guide system includes: a location sensor that measures a current location of an electric vehicle; a roadmap storage having link information and node information for providing a running route; a route calculator that searches for a route having a smallest total value of a compensation link cost that is generated by adding a time link cost in consideration of a running time to an energy-based link cost on each link basis from a departure point to a destination as an optimal energy route; a display that displays information for route guide of the optimal energy route; and a controller that controls operations of the location sensor, the roadmap storage, the route calculator, and the display for the search and route guide through a navigation program.

Abstract: The application is directed to efficient and economical processes as described in more detail below for the preparation of the beta 3 agonists of the formula of 1-7 and intermediate compounds that can be used for making these agonists. The present disclosure relates to a process for making beta-3 agonists and intermediates using ketoreductase (KRED) biocatalyst enzymes and methods of using the biocatalysts.

Abstract: The present invention includes compounds useful as intermediates in the preparation of macrolactams, methods for preparing the intermediates, and methods for preparing macrolactams. One use of the methods and intermediates described herein is in the production of macrolactam compounds able to inhibit HCV NS3 protease activity. HCV NS3 inhibitory compounds have therapeutic and research applications.

Abstract: A process for preparing 3-amino-3-cyclobutylmethyl-2-hydroxypropionamide of the Formula I: or a salt thereof involves providing a compound of the Formula VI described herein in a solution comprising predominately dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and converting this compound directly to the compound of the Formula VIII described herein without working up or isolating the intermediate compound of the Formula VII described herein.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to novel processes useful in the purification of keto-amide, ketone and aldehyde compounds, which are useful as inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 protease and have application in the treatment of conditions caused by HCV. The processes of this disclosure relate to purification via a bisulfite adduct. In particular, this disclosure relates to processes useful in the purification of the keto-amide compound of Formula I, (1R,5S)-N-[3-amino-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-2,3-dioxopropyl]-3-[2(S)-[[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-amino]-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl]-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.