Abstract: Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1) protein-loaded exosomes and a cancer treatment using FAF1 protein-loaded exosomes are disclosed. FAF1 protein-loaded exosomes are isolated from HEK 293 cells in which FAF1 having a known tumor-suppressive function is overexpressed and administered the FAF1 protein-loaded exosomes to various tumor models in which pancreatic cancer cells (MIA PaCa-2), lung cancer cells (A549), colon cancer cells (HCT 116), liver cancer cells (Hep3B), breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), kidney cancer cells (Caki-1) and cervical cancer cell (HeLa cell) are transplanted into nude mice through intratumoral injection. The administration exhibited tumor growth inhibitory effects remarkably greater than those of a control group not treated with FAF1.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) connection using a wireless Local Area Network (LAN) in a mobile communication terminal are provided. The method includes detecting a P2P connection attempt of a new terminal not connected to P2P communication, during P2P communication with at least one terminal, determining whether the mobile communication terminal operates as a slave terminal or a group owner in the P2P connection, and when the mobile communication terminal operates as the slave terminal, transmitting a signal indicating that the P2P connection attempt of the new terminal is detected, to a terminal operating as the group owner in the P2P connection.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for connecting a portable terminal to a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) are provided. The method includes when a WLAN connection event occurs, performing a WLAN connection procedure by keeping a WLAN module in an awake state, and when the WLAN connection is complete, operating the WLAN module according to a Power Save Mechanism (PSM).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for connecting a portable terminal to a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) are provided. The method includes when a WLAN connection event occurs, performing a WLAN connection procedure by keeping a WLAN module in an awake state, and when the WLAN connection is complete, operating the WLAN module according to a Power Save Mechanism (PSM).

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) connection using a wireless Local Area Network (LAN) in a mobile communication terminal are provided. The method includes detecting a P2P connection attempt of a new terminal not connected to P2P communication, during P2P communication with at least one terminal, determining whether the mobile communication terminal operates as a slave terminal or a group owner in the P2P connection, and when the mobile communication terminal operates as the slave terminal, transmitting a signal indicating that the P2P connection attempt of the new terminal is detected, to a terminal operating as the group owner in the P2P connection.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) connection using a wireless Local Area Network (LAN) in a mobile communication terminal are provided. The method includes detecting a P2P connection attempt of a new terminal not connected to P2P communication, during P2P communication with at least one terminal, determining whether the mobile communication terminal operates as a slave terminal or a group owner in the P2P connection, and when the mobile communication terminal operates as the slave terminal, transmitting a signal indicating that the P2P connection attempt of the new terminal is detected, to a terminal operating as the group owner in the P2P connection.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for managing power of a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) module in a portable terminal are provided. In the method, the WLAN module is operated according to a Power Save Mechanism (PSM). Whether the portable terminal operates in a sleep state is determined. At least one of a beacon interval and a Delivery Traffic Indication Map (DTIM) interval of the PSM is changed depending on whether the portable terminal operates in the sleep state.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) connection using a wireless Local Area Network (LAN) in a mobile communication terminal are provided. The method includes detecting a P2P connection attempt of a new terminal not connected to P2P communication, during P2P communication with at least one terminal, determining whether the mobile communication terminal operates as a slave terminal or a group owner in the P2P connection, and when the mobile communication terminal operates as the slave terminal, transmitting a signal indicating that the P2P connection attempt of the new terminal is detected, to a terminal operating as the group owner in the P2P connection.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for managing power of a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) module in a portable terminal are provided. In the method, the WLAN module is operated according to a Power Save Mechanism (PSM). Whether the portable terminal operates in a sleep state is determined. At least one of a beacon interval and a Delivery Traffic Indication Map (DTIM) interval of the PSM is changed depending on whether the portable terminal operates in the sleep state.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for connecting a portable terminal to a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) are provided. The method includes when a WLAN connection event occurs, performing a WLAN connection procedure by keeping a WLAN module in an awake state, and when the WLAN connection is complete, operating the WLAN module according to a Power Save Mechanism (PSM).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving control information using a pilot pattern inserted in a plot field of a dedicated physical channel in a mobile communication system including a transmitter for transmitting data and a receiver for receiving the data. The apparatus and method include selecting control information according to whether the data is received; and selecting a pilot pattern according to the control information, and inserting the selected pilot pattern in a pilot field of a dedicated physical channel as the control information, before transmission. The pilot pattern includes a first pilot pattern used when the control information is not transmitted, a second pilot pattern being orthogonal with the first pilot pattern, and a third pilot pattern generated by inverting a sign of the second pilot pattern.

Abstract: A method of filling a gap on a substrate comprises disposing the substrate, on which the gap is formed, on a susceptor in a chamber; applying a source power to the chamber to generate plasmas into the chamber; supplying a process gas into the chamber; filling a thin film into a gap by applying a first bias power to the susceptor, an amplitude of the first bias power being periodically modulated; stopping supply of the process gas and cutting off the first bias power; and extinguish the plasmas in the chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for determining a data rate by means of control information in a mobile communication system which includes a User Equipment (UE) and a Node B. The UE transmits data to the Node B, and the Node B transmits the control information to the UE. The data rate is determined by means of the control information and is used for transmission of the data by the UE. The apparatus and method comprise determining a preliminary data rate in consideration of a quantity of data waiting for transmission; comparing the preliminary data rate with a previous data rate used for previous data transmission; and determining the data rate according to a result of comparison so that the UE can transmit the data at the data rate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for performing a closed loop mode transmit diversity antenna verification in a mobile communication terminal, the method including estimating an uplink error rate by comparing an antenna complex vector, which is estimated by antenna verification to have been applied to transmit diversity in a base station, with an antenna complex vector reported to the base station; and performing the antenna verification to which the estimated uplink error rate is applied, thereby generating an antenna complex vector estimated to have been applied in the base station.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for estimating a decision boundary in symbol units in a mobile communication system. The method for estimating a decision boundary of reception symbols in a receiver of a mobile communication system includes the step of calculating a preliminary decision boundary for every symbol entered a decision boundary estimator; and reflecting the preliminary decision boundary calculated for every symbol in a previous symbol's decision boundary having been calculated in consideration of a channel environment until reaching the previous symbol, and calculating a new decision boundary for the entered symbol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for performing a closed loop mode transmit diversity antenna verification in a mobile communication terminal, the method including estimating an uplink error rate by comparing an antenna complex vector, which is estimated by antenna verification to have been applied to transmit diversity in a base station, with an antenna complex vector reported to the base station; and performing the antenna verification to which the estimated uplink error rate is applied, thereby generating an antenna complex vector estimated to have been applied in the base station.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting control information in a mobile communication system are disclosed. The apparatus and method include selecting a pilot signal having different predetermined pilot patterns according to whether the data are received and the data contain an error, and inserting the selected pilot signal into a pilot field of a dedicated physical channel frame as control information and transmitting the dedicated physical channel frame.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving control information using a pilot pattern inserted in a plot field of a dedicated physical channel in a mobile communication system including a transmitter for transmitting data and a receiver for receiving the data. The apparatus and method include selecting control information according to whether the data is received; and selecting a pilot pattern according to the control information, and inserting the selected pilot pattern in a pilot field of a dedicated physical channel as the control information, before transmission. The pilot pattern includes a first pilot pattern used when the control information is not transmitted, a second pilot pattern being orthogonal with the first pilot pattern, and a third pilot pattern generated by inverting a sign of the second pilot pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for transmitting control information from a UE to a Node B in a mobile communication system including the UE and the Node B which transmit and receive high-speed data and control information corresponding thereto. In such a method, only usable control information from among the control information under the management of the UE is extracted, and identifiers corresponding to the respective extracted control information is reset. Also, an identifier corresponding to the control information used for the data transmission from among the reset identifiers is selected, and the selected identifier is transmitted.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for managing power of a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) module in a portable terminal are provided. In the method, the WLAN module is operated according to a Power Save Mechanism (PSM). Whether the portable terminal operates in a sleep state is determined. At least one of a beacon interval and a Delivery Traffic Indication Map (DTIM) interval of the PSM is changed depending on whether the portable terminal operates in the sleep state.