Abstract: A rechargeable battery pack includes a plurality of cell modules connected to each other via bus bars, each cell module including a plurality unit cells with electrode terminals connected to the bus bars, a plurality of spacers between the cell modules, first and second plates coupled to opposite sides of the spacers, the first and second plates being configured to support the cell modules therebetween, and flow paths between the unit cells in a length direction of the unit cells, the flow paths being between side surfaces of the spacers and side surfaces of the unit cells, and being further partially set by sides of the bus bars.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a first battery with a first capacity, a second battery with a second capacity less than the first capacity, and a variable resistor. The second battery has a larger maximum discharge current than the first battery. The variable resistor circuit limits the discharge current of the first battery to a predetermined limit current value.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a first battery with a first capacity, a second battery with a second capacity less than the first capacity, and a variable resistor. The second battery has a larger maximum discharge current than the first battery. The variable resistor circuit limits the discharge current of the first battery to a predetermined limit current value.

Abstract: A fuel cell hybrid system includes a fuel cell pack and a hybrid battery pack. The hybrid battery pack includes a high voltage battery, a low voltage battery, a bidirectional converter to perform power conversion between the high and low voltage batteries, and a battery manager. The battery manger enters a low temperature charging mode based on an internal temperature of the hybrid battery pack, and charges one of the high or low voltage batteries using the other of the high or low voltage batteries through the bidirectional converter in the low temperature charging mode. The battery manager may perform the charging operation based on a state of charge of each of the batteries. The fuel cell pack may supply power to a motor of a vehicle, and the hybrid battery pack may supply voltage to the motor and the fuel cell pack.

Abstract: A fuel cell system having a heat exchanger capable of separating gas and liquid is disclosed. In one aspect, the fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack and an inlet header connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein the inlet header comprises first and second surfaces opposing each other. The fuel cell system also includes a cathode heat exchanger connected to the first surface of the inlet header and an anode heat exchanger connected to the second surface of the inlet header. The cathode heat exchanger is configured to exhaust a gas and the anode heat exchanger is configured to store and discharge a liquid.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery pack includes a plurality of cell modules connected to each other via bus bars, each cell module including a plurality unit cells with electrode terminals connected to the bus bars, a plurality of spacers between the cell modules, first and second plates coupled to opposite sides of the spacers, the first and second plates being configured to support the cell modules therebetween, and flow paths between the unit cells in a length direction of the unit cells, the flow paths being between side surfaces of the spacers and side surfaces of the unit cells, and being further partially set by sides of the bus bars.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a plurality of secondary batteries, the plurality of secondary batteries including at least a first secondary battery and a second secondary battery, a first pack case having an accommodating portion on which the plurality of secondary batteries are mounted, and a plurality of bus-bars electrically connecting the plurality of secondary batteries together, the bus-bars having a “?” shape, the plurality of bus-bars including at least a first bus-bar and a second bus-bar, the first bus-bar being coupled to an end of the first secondary battery, the second bus-bar being coupled to an end of the second secondary battery and facing the first bus-bar.

Abstract: A fuel cell hybrid system extends a cycle-life of a rechargeable battery by charging the rechargeable battery with voltage lower than the maximum charging voltage of the rechargeable battery by a predetermined level.