Abstract: An embodiment vehicle load distribution system includes a dash crossmember, a pair of front side members extending from the dash crossmember toward a front of a vehicle, and a pair of rear lower members extending from the dash crossmember toward a rear of the vehicle, wherein a front end of each rear lower member is aligned with a rear end of a corresponding front side member.

Abstract: An embodiment vehicle load distribution system includes a dash crossmember, a pair of front side members extending from the dash crossmember toward a front of a vehicle, and a pair of rear lower members extending from the dash crossmember toward a rear of the vehicle, wherein a front end of each rear lower member is aligned with a rear end of a corresponding front side member.

Abstract: A vehicle center frame module includes a pair of side sills, each side sill including a side sill inner having a closed cross section and a side sill outer having a closed cross section, wherein an inboard side surface of the side sill outer and an outboard side surface of the side sill inner are joined, and a plurality of crossmembers connecting the pair of side sills in a transverse direction of a vehicle, the crossmembers including a first crossmember and a second crossmember disposed behind the first crossmember in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

Abstract: An embodiment vehicle intermediate structure includes a first intermediate crossmember connecting a pair of side sills in a width direction of a vehicle, wherein each end face of the first intermediate crossmember is attached to an inboard side surface of the corresponding side sill, and wherein a cross section of the first intermediate crossmember is uniform in a longitudinal direction thereof.

Abstract: An embodiment vehicle front structure includes a pair of front side members, a pair of fender upper members located above the pair of front side members, respectively, a bumper back beam connecting front ends of the pair of front side members, and a front end module connected to the pair of front side members and the pair of fender upper members.

Abstract: Since the fat content of pork is a deciding factor in grading the quality of meat, the use of a noninvasive subcutaneous probe for real-time, in situ monitoring of the fat components is of importance to vendors and other interested parties. Fortunately, in situ, in vivo monitoring of subcutaneous fat can be accomplished with spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) using a fiber-optic probe. The probe acquires Raman spectra as a function of spatial offset. These spectra are used to determine the relative composition of fat-to-skin. The Raman intensity ratio varies disproportionately depending on the fat content, with variations in slope that are correlated to the thickness of the fat layer. Ordinary least square (OLS) regression using two components indicates that depth-resolved SORS spectra reflect the relative thickness of the fat layer.

Abstract: Since the fat content of pork is a deciding factor in grading the quality of meat, the use of a noninvasive subcutaneous probe for real-time, in situ monitoring of the fat components is of importance to vendors and other interested parties. Fortunately, in situ, in vivo monitoring of subcutaneous fat can be accomplished with spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) using a fiber-optic probe. The probe acquires Raman spectra as a function of spatial offset. These spectra are used to determine the relative composition of fat-to-skin. The Raman intensity ratio varies disproportionately depending on the fat content, with variations in slope that are correlated to the thickness of the fat layer. Ordinary least square (OLS) regression using two components indicates that depth-resolved SORS spectra reflect the relative thickness of the fat layer.

Abstract: Noninvasive glucose monitoring has been a long-standing need in diabetes management. Among many approaches to meeting this need, Raman spectroscopy has attracted attention due to its molecular specificity. Previous Raman-based glucose sensing can predict blood glucose concentration based on a statistical correlation between the reference glucose concentration and unspecified spectral features. However, the lack of glucose Raman peaks and non-prospective prediction have led to questions about the effectiveness of in vivo Raman spectroscopy for transcutaneous glucose sensing. Here, we disclose technology for directly observing distinct glucose Raman spectra from skin. The Raman signal intensities were proportional to the reference glucose concentrations in three live swine glucose clamping experiments. Tracking the spectral intensity based on the linearity enables prospective prediction with high accuracy in within-subject and inter-subject models.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the optical measurement of blood analytes, such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum albumin as a functional metric of mean blood glucose in the diagnosis of diabetic patients. Non-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is employed as the analytical method for quantitative detection of blood analytes. Using processing techniques, non-enzymatic glycosylation (glycation) of the analytes results in measurable and highly reproducible changes in the acquired spectral data, which enable the accurate measurements and classification of glycated and unglycated analytes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to devices, systems and methods for spectrally identifying tissues and guiding the introduction of a probe, needle, and medical instrument into a body structure. The probe can further be used for precise delivery of therapeutic agents to selected regions of the body.

Abstract: The present invention further relates to the selection of the specific filter combinations, which can provide sufficient information for multivariate calibration to extract accurate analyte concentrations in complex biological systems. The present invention also describes wavelength interval selection methods that give rise to the miniaturized designs. Finally, this invention presents a plurality of wavelength selection methods and miniaturized spectroscopic apparatus designs and the necessary tools to map from one domain (wavelength selection) to the other (design parameters). Such selection of informative spectral bands has a broad scope in miniaturizing any clinical diagnostic instruments which employ Raman spectroscopy in particular and other spectroscopic techniques in general.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the optical measurement of blood analytes, such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum albumin as a functional metric of mean blood glucose in the diagnosis of diabetic patients. Non-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is employed as the analytical method for quantitative detection of blood analytes. Using processing techniques, non-enzymatic glycosylation (glycation) of the analytes results in measurable and highly reproducible changes in the acquired spectral data, which enable the accurate measurements and classification of glycated and unglycated analytes.