Abstract: For upgrading heavy slurry oil containing catalyst fines from a catalytic cracking operation, the viscosity of the slurry oil is lowered in a hydrovisbreaking process step. In a preferred embodiment an admixture of the fines containing slurry oil and a metal containing resid oil fraction, resulting from a crude distillation, is passed through the hydrovisbreaker. The hydrovisbreaker effluent is separated into higher and lower boiling fractions with the lower boiling fraction preferably passed through a cracking unit so as to covert the lower boiling fraction to lower molecular weight hydrocarbon products.

Abstract: At least one decomposable molybdenum compound selected from the group consisting of molybdenum dithiophosphates and molybdenum dithiocarbamates is mixed with a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream. The hydrocarbon-containing feed stream containing such decomposable molybdenum compound is then contacted in a hydrovisbreaking process with hydrogen under suitable hydrovisbreaking conditions.

Abstract: A hydrofining process (preferably hydrovisbreaking process) comprises contacting a substantially liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed stream, which contains Ramsbottom carbon residue and materials boiling in excess of about 1000.degree. F. at atmospheric conditions, with a free hydrogen-containing gas and a catalyst composition comprising at least one catechol compound of molybdenum. Preferably the catechol compound of molybdenum is prepared by reaction of a compound comprising molybdenum and oxygen with a catechol compound under non-reducing conditions.

Abstract: A hydrotreating (hydrovisbreaking) process comprises the step of contacting under suitable reaction conditions (A) a substantially liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed stream which contains more than 0.1 weight-% Ramsbottom carbon residue, (B) a free hydrogen-containing gas and (C) a catalyst composition comprising alkyl molybdate and/or molybdenum sulfonate.

Abstract: A decomposable molybdenum compound selected from the group consisting of a mixture of a molybdenum dithiophosphate and a molybdenum carboxylate and a mixture of a molybdenum dithiocarbamate and a molybdenum carboxylate is disclosed. The decomposable molybdenum compound may be added, in a hydrovisbreaking process, to a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream prior to contacting the feed stream with hydrogen under suitable hydrovisbreaking conditions.

Abstract: A hydrotreating (hydrovisbreaking) process comprises the step of contacting under suitable conditions (A) a substantially liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed stream containing more than 0.1 weight-% Ramsbottom carbon residue, (B) a hydrogen-containing gas and (C) a liquid catalyst composition, which has been prepared by mixing (a) water, (b) at least one alkali metal sulfide or hydrogen sulfide or ammonium sulfide or hydrogen sulfide and (c) at least one molybdenum-oxygen compound, wherein the atomic ratio of S:Mo in this liquid catalyst composition is in the range of from about 0.6:1 to about 3.0:1, preferably from about 0.8:1 to 2.3:1. Preferably, (b) is (NH.sub.4).sub.2 S and (c) is MoO.sub.3.

Abstract: A two-stage hydrotreating process comprises the steps of (1) contacting a liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed stream, which contains nickel, vanadium and Ramsbottom carbon residue, with hydrogen and a solid inorganic refractory material (preferably alumina) for at least partial removal of Ni and V, and then (2) hydrovisbreaking the intermediate product stream from step (1). Preferably, step (2) is carried out in the presence of at least one decomposable compound of a metal, preferably a molybdenum dithiophosphate.

Abstract: At least one decomposable molybdenum additive selected from the group consisting of a mixture of a molybdenum dithiophosphate and a molybdenum carboxylate and a mixture of a molybdenum dithiocarbamate and a molybdenum carboxylate is mixed with a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream. The hydrocarbon-containing feed stream containing such decomposable molybdenum additive is then contacted in a hydrovisbreaking process with hydrogen under suitable hydrovisbreaking conditions.

Abstract: At least one decomposable compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of the metals of Group IIB and Group IIIB of the Periodic Table is mixed with a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream. The hydrocarbon-containing feed stream containing such decomposable compound is then contacted in a hydrofining process with a catalyst composition comprising a support selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica and silica-alumina and a promoter comprising at least one metal selected from Group VIB, Group VIIB and Group VIII of the Periodic Table. The introduction of the decomposable compound may be commenced when the catalyst is new, partially deactivated or spent with a beneficial result occurring in each case.

Abstract: A hydrogen donor solvent selected from the group consisting of a full range crude oil and an atmospheric topped crude oil is used in a hydrovisbreaking process. The heavy fraction being processed is heated in the presence of hydrogen and the solvent under suitable hydrovisbreaking conditions. As a result, the amount of heavies in the feed to the hydrovisbreaking process is substantially reduced.

Abstract: In a process for the re-refinement of used lubricating oil containing fuel fraction, an upgraded fuel fraction is provided by combining fuel fraction with demetallized lubricating oil prior to the hydrotreatment stage.

Abstract: In a process for producing an essentially ash-free oil stock from a lubricating oil containing ash forming components comprising reacting the oil with an aqueous ammonium salt capable of reacting with the ash-containing components and heating the thus treated oil at a temperature in the range of about 300.degree. C. to about 420.degree. C. to increase the amount of the ash-forming components removed, the improvement comprising not exposing the oil to a temperature greater than 200.degree. C. before the oil is passed into a large volume of the oil already at a temperature in the range of about 300.degree. C. to about 400.degree. C.