Abstract: The present invention relates to an information system and a method for the identification, by an application server (2), of a user in possession of a terminal (6) having the use of communication means for effecting a connection between the server (2) and the terminal (6) and of a hardware element (8), connected to the terminal (6), comprising data storage means on which is stored an encrypton key (K1) and an identification number (num_ID), in which the server (2) generates a unique session number (num_Sess) in the course of a connection session between the terminal (6) and the server (2), the terminal communicates the session number (num_Sess) to the hardware element (6), the hardware element (6) effects an encryption (E) with the aid of an encryption key (K1) of a data set combining: the password (num_MDP) and the session number (num_Sess), and communicates the result (C) of the encryption to the terminal (6), the hardware element (8) also transmits the identification number (num_ID) to the terminal (6), th

Abstract: Communication system for monitoring traceability between at least one upstream operator (2) and at least one downstream operator (3), by way of a controller (4), using a multiplicity (CPUC1, CPUC2, CPUCn) of identification codes (CPUC), each comprising an identifier (IDU1, IDU2, IDUn) associated with a multiplicity (141, 142, 14n) of objects (14) by way of a support (15), the downstream operator (3) having a reader (17, 27) and the controller having under its control a server (9) being devised so as to accomplish the following functions: declaration of identification of any downstream operator (3), association (ASSOC1) of this identification code (CPUC) read and of the downstream operator (3) that performed the read, and recording of this association (ASSOC1) in a database (19, 35), accessible to the upstream operator (2).