Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of specific compounds and compositions in the treatment or prevention of obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes and in the reduction of metabolic ageing. Also provided are related non-therapeutic uses for controlling the weight of an individual and for reducing metabolic ageing.

Abstract: A method of generating models with which to characterise selected aspects of the metabolic phenotype of subjects without dosing a test substance to those subjects or with which to predict, without dosing, the post-dose responses of subjects where those responses are dependent on metabolic phenotype, the method comprising: obtaining pre-dose data relating to a plurality of subjects before dosing with a dosing substance; obtaining post-dose data relating to the plurality of subjects after dosing with the dosing substance; and correlating inter-subject variation in the pre-dose data with inter-subject variation in the post-dose data, and generating a pre-to-post-dose predictive model on the basis of the observed correlation. The models may be used to determine selected aspects of the metabolic phenotype of a subject or to predict, without dosing, the post-dose responses of subjects.