Abstract: A process for forming an ene reaction product wherein an enophile, such as maleic anhydride, is reacted with reactive polyalkene having a terminal vinylidene content of at least 30 mol. %, at high temperature in the presence of a free radical inhibitor. The polyalkenyl acylating agents are useful per se as additives in lubricating oils, functional fluids, and fuels and also serve as intermediates in the preparation of other products (e.g., succinimides) useful as additives in lubricating oils, functional fluids, and fuels. The presence of the free radical inhibitor during the high temperature reaction results in a reaction product that is low, or substantially free from sediment.

Abstract: Sulphonates are prepared by the neutralisation of a sulphonic acid with a basic hydroxide or oxide. The process requires the staged addition of sulphonic acid to a reaction mixture comprising basic hydroxide or oxide dispersed in a water/diluent mixture; the reaction mixture is basic throughout the additions of acid and at least until the point of completion of the neutralisation reaction. The basic hydroxide or oxide may also be added in stages. The sulphonate product has low viscosity, low haze and good stability and is essentially chloride free as halide promoters are not utilised in the manufacture of the product.

Abstract: Sulphonates are prepared by the neutralization of a sulphonic acid with a basic hydroxide or Oxide. The process requires the staged addition of sulphonic acid to a reaction mixture comprising basic hydroxide or oxide dispersed in water/diluent mixture; the reaction mixture is basic throughout the additions of acid and at least until the point of completion of the neutralization reaction. The basic hydroxide or oxide may also be added in stages. The sulphonate product has low viscosity, low haze and good stability and is essentially chloride free as halide promoters are not utilized in the manufacture of the product.