Abstract: A capability is provided for statelessly load balancing Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connections across a set of servers. A load balancer receives a TCP SYN packet from a client, selects a server for a TCP connection for the client, forms a modified TCP SYN packet including an address of the client, and propagates the modified TCP SYN packet toward the server. The server receives the modified TCP SYN packet, forms a TCP SYN+ACK packet including an identifier (e.g., n bits of an address, an n-bit server index based on mapping information of the load balancer, or the like) of the server, and propagates the modified TCP SYN+ACK packet toward the load balancer. The load balancer receives a TCP packet from the client on the TCP connection, determines a server associated with the TCP connection based on information included within the TCP packet, and propagates the TCP packet toward the server.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for automating authentication of a user. In one embodiment, a method calls for detecting an authentication event at a wireless communication device to gain access to a first wireless network through an access point associated with the first wireless network, automatically obtaining a credential from a second wireless network in response to the authentication event, and authenticating the user based on the credential to establish a connection between the wireless communication device and the first wireless network. A client-server based communication system includes a client module at a wireless communication device for user authentication of a Wi-Fi device to a Wi-Fi network through an access point associated therewith. For the purposes of authentication, the client-server based communication system further includes a server module with which the client module may automatically exchange short message service messages over a wide area network.

Abstract: A targeted content distribution capability via a broadcasting mechanism is disclosed herein. The targeted content distribution capability enables the combining of meta-data with broadcast information to form the broadcast signal. The capability also enables linking the meta-data to the advertised content. By broadcasting content “by reference” instead of by the actual advertised content, receiving devices may be configured to filter content distribution requests based on any suitable criteria. For example, filtering may be based on the receiver's supported capabilities and/or user preferences. Advantageously, a user may then retrieve advertised content targeted at the specific end user and tailored specifically to that end user's preferences and device.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for providing SIP message prioritization between network elements along at least a portion of an end-to-end path between a SIP client and a SIP server. The method includes determining a SIP message prioritization policy and distributing the SIP message prioritization policy toward a prioritizing network element adapted to assign message priority levels to respective received SIP messages using the SIP message prioritization policy, process the received SIP messages according to the respective assigned message priority levels, and transmit the prioritized SIP messages toward at least one network element in a manner for propagating the respective assigned message priority levels to the at least one network element. The prioritizing network elements include SIP network elements and non-SIP network elements.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus for enabling missed call information to be accessed from a remote device via a packet network. Specifically, the method comprises receiving missed call information associated with a called party, storing the missed call information and transmitting the missed call information towards a remote device associated with the called party via a packet network.

Abstract: A targeted communication capability is provided herein. The targeted communication capability enables targeted delivery of various types of information in various content distribution environments. The information may include content (e.g., text, audio, image, video, multimedia, and the like), recommendations for content and activities, advertisements, and the like. The content distribution environments may include radio systems, the Internet, video-based systems, and the like. The targeted communication capability may include a hybrid radio capability, in which a hybrid radio supports a broadcast audio channel that is used to receive broadcast audio content from broadcast audio content sources and a targeted communication channel configured to enable interaction between the hybrid radio and one or more network devices (e.g.

Abstract: A source is able to configure a tag, such as an RFID tag, associated with it such that, when the tag is read, a responsive action is initiated. The responsive action may be detectable by the source or may be a message shown to a person reading the tag, for example. In one example, information is provided concerning delivery of a physical object from the source to a destination. The source may associate the tag with the physical object. The tag may be configured such that, when the tag is read at the destination, it causes a responsive action, which is detectable by the source.

Abstract: The invention provides secure access to a web page using a personal pass-phrase to prevent phishing attacks. Upon requesting a web page from a user device, a determination is made as to whether or not an encrypted cookie exists for the requested web page. An encrypted cookie includes the personal pass-phrase and at least one of an identifier of the user device, an identifier of a web browser from which the web page request is initiated, and information about the network path used to establish the personal pass-phrase. If an encrypted cookie does not exist, the user is provided a capability to create the encrypted cookie including a personal pass-phrase. If the encrypted cookie exists, the user device provides the encrypted cookie with the web page request for use by the web server to validate the web page request using information included in the encrypted cookie.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for detecting a forwarding loop at a network element. The method includes determining whether a received message was previously received by the first network element, and, if the received message was previously received, calculating a current routing digest and determining whether a header of the received message includes a previous routing digest. If the header of the received message includes the previous routing digest, a determination is made as to whether a forwarding loop exists. If the header of the received message does not include the previous routing digest, the current routing digest is inserted into the header of the received message and the message is forwarded toward the second network element. If the received message was not previously received, forwarding the received message toward a second network element.

Abstract: A method of providing context information regarding a mobile station includes using cell transitions as an input to a context determining algorithm. A disclosed example includes Bloom filter theory that utilizes a key based upon an indication of the cells involved in the transition and a selected number of hash functions. The bit strings resulting from operation of the hash functions are compared to information stored in a database that relates hash function results to context information. In a disclosed example, the entire process for determining the context information is carried out on the mobile station itself.

Abstract: A method for enforcing security policies required to gain access to a network includes determining if a client desiring a connection to the network is in conformance with a current version of the security policies, and if a client is not in conformance with a current version of the security policies, denying the client access to the network and directing the client to an isolated sub-network for accessing a current version of the security policies. In one embodiment of the present invention an address server isolates non-conforming clients from the network and the network resources by directing non-conforming clients to an isolated sub-network. The isolated sub-network further directs the non-conforming clients to, for example, a local server or web-site for accessing a current version of the security policies.

Abstract: A method of identifying like-minded users accessing the Internet, comprises presenting a multimedia item to a user on an Internet site visited by the user. The user is offered at least one mechanism to provide a response to the item. Responses to the item from a plurality of users are collected. Those people providing the same response to the item are identified as like-minded.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for providing SIP message prioritization between network elements along at least a portion of an end-to-end path between a SIP client and a SIP server. The method includes determining a SIP message prioritization policy and distributing the SIP message prioritization policy toward a prioritizing network element adapted to assign message priority levels to respective received SIP messages using the SIP message prioritization policy, process the received SIP messages according to the respective assigned message priority levels, and transmit the prioritized SIP messages toward at least one network element in a manner for propagating the respective assigned message priority levels to the at least one network element. The prioritizing network elements include SIP network elements and non-SIP network elements.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for providing SIP message prioritization between network elements along at least a portion of an end-to-end path between a SIP client and a SIP server. The method includes determining a SIP message prioritization policy and distributing the SIP message prioritization policy toward a prioritizing network element adapted to assign message priority levels to respective received SIP messages using the SIP message prioritization policy, process the received SIP messages according to the respective assigned message priority levels, and transmit the prioritized SIP messages toward at least one network element in a manner for propagating the respective assigned message priority levels to the at least one network element. The prioritizing network elements include SIP network elements and non-SIP network elements.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for caching client node requested data stored on a network server is disclosed. The method and apparatus comprise caching server responses at the pre-packetized level thereby decreasing response time by minimizing packet processing overhead, reducing disk file reading and reducing copying of memory from disk buffers to network interfaces.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for roaming between wireless access points with relatively less disruptions to a service in handovers. In one embodiment, a method of communication in a wireless network that includes an access point and a target access point comprises detecting an indication of roaming to the target access point at a mobile terminal associated with the access point and communicating with the target access point using an existing communication link between the mobile terminal and the access point to prepare the mobile terminal for a handover event from the access point to the target access point in response to detecting the indication of roaming. The mobile terminal may communicate with the target access point via a backend channel to prepare for an actual handover to the target access point. By enabling a make-before-break connection, the mobile terminal may proactively prepare a connection to a next access point through a currently existing link to an access point.

Abstract: A method is provided for use in communication involving first and second parties. The method includes determining a first capacity associated with a first channel of a communication link between the first and second parties. The method also includes assigning a second capacity to a second channel of the communication link based on the first capacity and a third capacity associated with at least the first and second channels.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for identifying at least one of one or more hidden and visible networks associated with an access point. The method comprises detecting whether a Wi-Fi network is hidden behind a first visible network of the at least one of one or more hidden and visible networks associated with the access point, and if so, selecting the Wi-Fi network to connect an authorized user to a wireless local area network while retaining an ability to select a second visible network from the at least one of one or more hidden and visible networks. In a client-server based communication system, the Wi-Fi network information of visible access points in a particular range may be automatically retrieved. In addition, by defining a group of networks belonging to an access point, and combining the groups of other access points in the vicinity of the client, a hidden network may be selected without an additional knowledge or processing by the authorized user.

Abstract: A method is provided of determining the movement context of a mobile user terminal in a wireless telecommunications network by the steps of: determining a time at which transfer to a first cell occurs, determining a time at which transfer from said first cell first subsequently occurs, determining the difference between the two times, and assigning a movement context to the mobile user terminal, said context being dependent upon said difference.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for detecting a forwarding loop at a network element. The method includes determining whether a received message was previously received by the first network element, and, if the received message was previously received, calculating a current routing digest and determining whether a header of the received message includes a previous routing digest. If the header of the received message includes the previous routing digest, a determination is made as to whether a forwarding loop exists. If the header of the received message does not include the previous routing digest, the current routing digest is inserted into the header of the received message and the message is forwarded toward the second network element. If the received message was not previously received, forwarding the received message toward a second network element.