Abstract: A dispenser that includes a nozzle that is configured to dispense a fluid. The dispenser also includes a pump in fluid communication with the nozzle and a pulsation dampener in fluid communication with the nozzle. The pulsation dampener has a spring biased movable piston. The dispenser is configured to, when the pump is activated, emit a substantially constant stream of the fluid from the nozzle for at least one second.

Abstract: A dispenser is disclosed that includes a pump having a pump chamber that receives a fluid, a pulsation dampener, and a discharge conduit. The pulsation dampener has a dampener housing with an interior volume and a dampener housing opening. A spring biased movable piston is located in the interior volume of the pulsation dampener and defines a variable volume headspace between the piston and the dampener housing opening. The discharge conduit provides fluid communication between each of an outlet of the pump chamber, the dampener housing opening, and a nozzle such that, when the pump is activated, at least a portion of fluid from the outlet of the pump chamber flows within the discharge conduit to the dampener housing opening. The dispenser is configured to, when the pump is activated, emit a substantially constant stream of fluid from the nozzle for at least one second.

Abstract: A dispenser is disclosed that includes a pump having a pump chamber that receives a fluid, a pulsation dampener, and a discharge conduit. The pulsation dampener has a dampener housing with an interior volume and a dampener housing opening. A spring biased movable piston is located in the interior volume of the pulsation dampener and defines a variable volume headspace between the piston and the dampener housing opening. The discharge conduit provides fluid communication between each of an outlet of the pump chamber, the dampener housing opening, and a nozzle such that, when the pump is activated, at least a portion of fluid from the outlet of the pump chamber flows within the discharge conduit to the dampener housing opening. The dispenser is configured to, when the pump is activated, emit a substantially constant stream of fluid from the nozzle for at least one second.

Abstract: Dispensers are disclosed that are adapted to be coupled to a reservoir to dispense a fluid contained in the reservoir. A dispenser includes a pump having a pump chamber, an intake conduit, a discharge conduit, and a pulsation dampener. The pulsation dampener includes a housing with an interior volume and an opening. Further, the pulsation dampener includes a spring biased movable piston located in the interior volume and defines a variable volume headspace between the piston and the opening of the pulsation dampener, the opening being in fluid communication with the discharge conduit.

Abstract: Dispensers are disclosed that are adapted to be coupled to a reservoir to dispense a fluid contained in the reservoir. A dispenser includes a pump having a pump chamber, an intake conduit, a discharge conduit, and a pulsation dampener. The pulsation dampener includes a housing with an interior volume and an opening. Further, the pulsation dampener includes a spring biased movable piston located in the interior volume and defines a variable volume headspace between the piston and the opening of the pulsation dampener, the opening being in fluid communication with the discharge conduit.

Abstract: A method of dispensing a fragrance having at least one aroma chemical includes the step of providing a frame adapted to be attached to a dispenser for dispensing fluids and a cartridge including a volatile material containing a fragrance comprising at least one aroma chemical, wherein the cartridge is adapted for attachment to the frame. The method of dispensing further includes the steps of nebulizing water to create nebulized water particles, directing the nebulized water particles at the cartridge, and entraining volatile material from the cartridge in at least some of the nebulized water particles upon collision with the cartridge to create volatile material-infused water particles.

Abstract: A dispensing system includes a refill having a reservoir for containing a volatile material. A permeable membrane is disposed over the reservoir and allows the volatile material to be released therethrough. The dispensing system also includes a housing adapted to retain the refill and a manual drive mechanism, which is in communication with the refill. Actuation of the manual drive mechanism causes the refill to rotate more than 180° about a longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A method of dispensing a fragrance having at least one aroma chemical includes the step of providing a frame adapted to be attached to a dispenser for dispensing fluids and a cartridge including a volatile material containing a fragrance comprising at least one aroma chemical, wherein the cartridge is adapted for attachment to the frame. The method of dispensing further includes the steps of nebulizing water to create nebulized water particles, directing the nebulized water particles at the cartridge, and entraining volatile material from the cartridge in at least some of the nebulized water particles upon collision with the cartridge to create volatile material-infused water particles.

Abstract: A dispensing system includes a refill having a reservoir for containing a volatile material. A permeable membrane is disposed over the reservoir and allows the volatile material to be released therethrough. The dispensing system also includes a housing adapted to retain the refill and a manual drive mechanism, which is in communication with the refill. Actuation of the manual drive mechanism causes the refill to rotate more than 180° about a longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A heat exchanger including a tube having inlet ends and outlet ends and defining a flow path therebetween. The tube can have a first section and a second section arranged at an angle with respect to the first section. Each of the first section and the second section can include a first subsection and a second subsection arranged at an angle with respect to the first subsection.

Abstract: A heat exchanger including a tube having inlet ends and outlet ends and defining a flow path therebetween. The tube can have a first section and a second section arranged at an angle with respect to the first section. Each of the first section and the second section can include a first subsection and a second subsection arranged at an angle with respect to the first subsection.