Abstract: What is disclosed is a method of updating a message from a first version to an upgraded version by chaining through intermediate versions, including the steps of receiving an update message having a first version format, and repeatedly generating a revised update message having a next most recent version format based on the update message until a final update message having an upgraded version format is generated. An apparatus for performing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing the dispatching of tasks from a CPU-based first multitasking operating system (OS) with threads of function calls opportunistically dispatched from a CPU-based second multitasking operating system. The second OS includes a set of callable resources. In the method, a task becomes bound to a thread for the duration of that thread's ownership of a callable resource from the second OS. Also, a thread becomes available on a work queue of threads for binding to a task only if the thread owns exactly one resource. After execution, the function is eliminated from the thread and ownership of that resource is relinquished and passed to the next thread queued on that resource. A task can remain bound to the same thread if there are no other threads asserting ownership to the next resource being called by the original thread. With contention, however, the task relinquishes the thread and becomes bound to another thread on the work queue.