Abstract: A method of potentiating musculoskeletal effect of one or more anabolic amino acids in an individual in need thereof can include administering to the individual in need thereof a composition containing the one or more anabolic amino acids, the composition also containing one or more autophagy-inducing amino acids in a total amount effective for the composition to be at least neutral regarding autophagy. In another aspect, a method of overcoming one or more negative effects of one or more anabolic amino acids by preventing degenerative processes related to loss of autophagy can include administering to an individual in need thereof a composition containing the one or more anabolic amino acids, the composition further containing the one or more autophagy-inducing amino acids in a total amount effective for the composition to be at least neutral regarding autophagy.

Abstract: A compound having the formula (1), (2), (3), or (4), or combinations thereof, for use to maintain or increase muscle function and/or mass in a subject, and/or prevent or reduce muscle wasting in a subject, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently, a long chain fatty acid having between 16 and 20 carbons.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to the field of muscle disease. In particular, the invention relates to a method for determining if a subject has sarcopenia or has an increased risk of developing sarcopenia. A method of predicting the responsiveness of said subject to nutritional intervention is also provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods can use a combination of an autophagy inducer, such as spermidine, and high protein for induction of autophagy in an individual in need thereof. Preferably, a formulation containing a combination of an autophagy inducer and high protein is administered to the individual in an amount effective to induce autophagy, for example in muscle. The formulation can concomitantly promote protein synthesis and removal of damaged cellular materials. The recipient of administration can be a critically ill patient, for example a patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and/or an ageing patient, for example an elderly individual or an individual with sarcopenia.

Abstract: A method of preventing or treating muscle fatigue from exercise and/or for resistance to muscle fatigue from exercise, the method including orally administering at least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof to an individual before, during and/or after the exercise. A unit dosage form contains at least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof in an amount effective for administration of the unit dosage form before, during and/or after exercise to thereby prevent or treat muscle fatigue from the exercise and/or for resistance to muscle fatigue from exercise. A method of making a composition for preventing or treating muscle fatigue from exercise and/or for resistance to muscle fatigue from exercise, the method including adding an effective amount of at least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof to at least one ingredient selected from the group consisting of protein, carbohydrate, and fat.

Abstract: A combination of calcium and at least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof can be orally administered to an individual in an amount effective to decrease muscle fatigue in an individual who participates in at least one of 1) resistance exercise, 2) anaerobic or repeated sprint-type exercise, or 3) endurance exercise. Preferably, the combination of calcium and at least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof is administered to the individual less than two hours before the exercise, and/or during the exercise, and/or less than two hours after the exercise.

Abstract: A method of preventing or treating muscle fatigue from exercise and/or for resistance to muscle fatigue from exercise, the method including orally administering at least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof to an individual before, during and/or after the exercise. A unit dosage form contains at least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof in an amount effective for administration of the unit dosage form before, during and/or after exercise to thereby prevent or treat muscle fatigue from the exercise and/or for resistance to muscle fatigue from exercise. A method of making a composition for preventing or treating muscle fatigue from exercise and/or for resistance to muscle fatigue from exercise, the method including adding an effective amount of at least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof to at least one ingredient selected from the group consisting of protein, carbohydrate, and fat.

Abstract: An in vitro method of producing a population of muscle stem cells comprising co-culturing pluripotent stem cells, embryonic fibroblast cells and endothelial cells in 3D cell culture.

Abstract: A combination of calcium and at least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof can be orally administered to an individual in an amount effective to achieve at least one result that is (i) improved mitochondrial calcium uptake in muscle cells, (ii) improved utilization of calcium in muscle cells, (iii) increased mitochondrial energy in muscle cells, (iv) improvement in at least one of muscle functionality, muscle performance, or muscle strength, (v) decreased muscle fatigue, (vi) increased mobility, and/or (vii) treatment of a muscle disorder linked to calcium depletion or deficiency. The individual can be at least one of an aging subject; an elderly subject; a subject with muscle fatigue or muscle weakness; a subject with impaired mobility; a frail subject; a pre-frail subject; a sarcopenic subject; a subject recovering from pre-frailty, frailty, sarcopenia or impaired mobility; a subject undergoing physical rehabilitation; a sportsman; or a pet.

Abstract: At least one of oleuropein or metabolite thereof can be orally administered to an individual in an amount effective to achieve at least one result that is one or more of (i) improvement in a physiological state linked to metabolic fatigue in one or more cells, (ii) increased mitochondrial energy and mitochondrial calcium uptake in one or more cells, and/or (iii) treatment or prevention of a calcium deficiency/depletion disorder. Additionally or alternatively, the method can treat or prevent a mitochondria-related disease or a condition associated with altered mitochondrial function in an individual in need thereof or at risk thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel depside dimeric compounds for improving skeletal muscle plasticity regeneration to maintain or increase muscle function and/or muscle mass by modulating muscle stem cells. For example, the present invention is useful for subjects to promote muscle repair and/or subjects suffering from precachexia, cachexia, sarcopenia, myopathy, dystrophy and/or recovery after muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to myostatin antagonists, for the treatment of cancer cachexia, and cancer cachexia due to chemotherapeutic treatment. In particular, the myostatin antagonist bimagrumab was found to be beneficial in the treatment of cancer cachexia by reducing body weight loss. The present invention also relates to combinations and uses of a myostatin antagonist and an mTOR inhibitor for treating cancer cachexia by reducing, maintaining or increasing body weight loss or for use in treating age-related conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel depside trimeric compounds for improving skeletal muscle plasticity regeneration to maintain or increase muscle function and/or muscle mass by modulating muscle stem cells. For example, the present invention is useful for subjects to promote muscle repair and/or subjects suffering from precachexia, cachexia, sarcopenia, myopathy, dystrophy and/or recovery after muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polymethoxyflavone compounds for improving skeletal muscle plasticity regeneration to maintain or increase muscle function and/or muscle mass by modulating muscle stem cells. For example, the present invention is useful for subjects to promote muscle repair and/or subjects suffering from precachexia, cachexia, sarcopenia, myopathy, dystrophy and/or recovery after muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel Raf-1 kinase inhibitor compounds for improving skeletal muscle regeneration to maintain or increase muscle function and/or muscle mass by modulating muscle stem cells. For example, the present invention is useful for subjects to promote muscle repair and/or subjects suffering from precachexia, cachexia, sarcopenia, myopathy, dystrophy and/or recovery after muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel SRC inhibitor compounds for improving skeletal muscle regeneration to maintain or increase muscle function and/or muscle mass by modulating muscle stem cells. For example, the present invention is useful for subjects to promote muscle repair and/or subjects suffering from precachexia, cachexia, sarcopenia, myopathy, dystrophy and/or recovery after muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: Compositions may be used for a variety of therapeutic applications, including treating and/or preventing a disease or disorder related to reduced or inadequate mitochondrial activity, such as aging or stress, diabetes, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. The compositions can be administered to an older adult or an elderly individual. It can also be administered to a patient in ICU. The compositions contain a combination of curcumin and an omega-3 fatty acid. The compositions can be food products, nutritional supplements or nutraceutical. The compositions can also be used advantageously in generally healthy individuals to increase or maintain metabolic rate, decrease percent body fat, increase or maintain muscle mass, manage body weight, improve or maintain mental performance (including memory), improve or maintain muscle performance, improve or maintain mood, and manage stress.

Abstract: Compositions and methods can use a combination of an autophagy inducer, such as spermidine, and high protein for induction of autophagy in an individual in need thereof. Preferably, a formulation containing a combination of an autophagy inducer and high protein is administered to the individual in an amount effective to induce autophagy, for example in muscle. The formulation can concomitantly promote protein synthesis and removal of damaged cellular materials. The recipient of administration can be a critically ill patient, for example a patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and/or an ageing patient, for example an elderly individual or an individual with sarcopenia.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to the field of muscle disease. In particular, the invention relates to a method for determining if a subject has sarcopenia or has an increased risk of developing sarcopenia. A method of predicting the responsiveness of said subject to nutritional intervention is also provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods can use high protein for induction of autophagy in an individual in need thereof. Preferably, a formulation containing protein in an amount effective to induce autophagy, for example in muscle, is administered to the individual. The formulation can concomitantly promote protein synthesis and removal of damaged cellular materials. The recipient of administration can be a critically ill patient, for example a patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and/or an ageing patient, for example an elderly individual or an individual with sarcopenia.