Abstract: Sensors formed from a substrate, an electrode layer and at least a first reagent layer are manufactured by transporting a continuous web of the substrate past at least two print stations, and printing the electrode layer and the first reagent layer on the substrate. One of the print stations prints the electrode layer on the continuous web of substrate, and the other of the print stations prints the first reagent layer on the continuous web of substrate as it is transported past the print stations. Additional print stations may be included for the printing of insulation layers, glue prints and the like. The order of printing will depend on the structure desired for the sensor, although the electrode layer(s) will frequently be deposited before the reagent layer(s).

Abstract: Sensors formed from a substrate, an electrode layer and at least a first reagent layer are manufactured by transporting a continuous web of the substrate past at least two print stations, and printing the electrode layer and the first reagent layer on the substrate. One of the print stations prints the electrode layer on the continuous web of substrate, and the other of the print stations prints the first reagent layer on the continuous web of substrate as it is transported past the print stations. Additional print stations may be included for the printing of insulation layers, glue prints and the like. The order of printing will depend on the structure desired for the sensor, although the electrode layer(s) will frequently be deposited before the reagent layer(s).

Abstract: A device (10) is disclosed for measuring the concentration of metal ions in solution, particularly lead in blood. The device comprises a mercury free electrode (16), which is separated from the test solution (21) by a layer of material (20) which permits passage therethrough of the ions to be measured. In preferred embodiments an insulating layer (18) having an array of photoablated holes (19) is disposed between the electrode and the ion-permeable layer (20). Also disclosed are methods for operating the device and measuring ion concentration using anodic stripping voltametry, and assay kits incorporating devices as described together with appropriate meters and circuitry.