Abstract: Techniques for utilizing a portion of a communication session identifier (e.g., a Session-ID, an SPI, a CID, a DCID, and/or the like) to indicate a target routing device (e.g., a VPN and/or ZTNA termination device) for establishing control plane session(s) and/or data plane session(s) at wire-speed in a networked computing environment. The routing device(s) of a networked computing environment may generate a communication session identifier and send the communication session identifier to the client device, such that subsequent packets send from the client device may be forwarded to the proper routing device indicated by the communication session identifier for establishment of one or more data plane sessions. Additionally, data plane sessions may be established using a Resumed Handshake rather than a full handshake that is typically required, as Session Resumption utilizes the assigned communication session identifier for mapping.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are provided for securely advertising autoconfigured prefixes in a cloud environment. In some examples, a method can include, receiving, by a first router, an indication of an available network address prefix. In some aspects, the method can also include selecting, by the first router, a first network address prefix that is within the available network address prefix, wherein the first network address prefix provides at least one route to one or more network elements associated with the first router. In some cases, the method may further include sending, to a second router, a message including a stub registration option that indicates the first network address prefix.

Abstract: Proposed herein at techniques for scalable network traffic steering in a multi-tenant network. In one aspect, a method includes receiving, at an ingress of a multi-tenant network, a data packet, the data packet including a Virtual Network Identifier (VNI) identifying a corresponding tenant for the data packet in the multi-tenant network, and determining, at the ingress, a corresponding cluster of routers for processing the data packet based on the VNI, wherein the corresponding cluster of routers is one of a plurality of clusters of routers in the multi-tenant network. The method further includes forwarding the data packet to a router in the corresponding cluster of routers for processing.

Abstract: Techniques for routing Internet Protocol security (IPsec) data packets. An index is assigned to a Security Parameter Index (SPI) header of the IPsec data packet. The index includes information for routing the data packet to a particular Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) processor. The data packet can be routed using techniques that are analogous to conventional routing protocols such as IPv4 routing protocol. This allows the data packet to be routed using less expensive routing protocols rather than relying solely on more expensive load balancing techniques to route the data packet. This also advantageously allows the data packet to be routed employing routing techniques developed over decades of routing protocol development.

Abstract: Techniques for a hub node, provisioned in a site of a hub and spoke overlay network, to receive, store, and/or forward network routing information associated with a spoke, and send packets directly to spoke(s) that are remote from the hub node. A first hub node may receive a network advertisement including a border gateway protocol (BGP) large community string from a first spoke local to the first hub node. The first hub node may send the BGP large community string to a second hub node remote from the first hub node. The second hub node may decode network routing information from the BGP large community string and store the network routing information locally. The second hub node may send a packet from a second spoke local to the second hub node directly to the first spoke without the data packet being routed via the first hub node.

Abstract: Techniques for a hub node, provisioned in a site of a hub and spoke overlay network, to receive, store, and/or forward network routing information associated with a spoke, and send packets directly to spoke(s) that are remote from the hub node. A first hub node may receive a network advertisement including a border gateway protocol (BGP) large community string from a first spoke local to the first hub node. The first hub node may send the BGP large community string to a second hub node remote from the first hub node. The second hub node may decode network routing information from the BGP large community string and store the network routing information locally. The second hub node may send a packet from a second spoke local to the second hub node directly to the first spoke without the data packet being routed via the first hub node.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are provided for securely advertising autoconfigured prefixes in a cloud environment. In some examples, a method can include, receiving, by a first router, an indication of an available network address prefix. In some aspects, the method can also include selecting, by the first router, a first network address prefix that is within the available network address prefix, wherein the first network address prefix provides at least one route to one or more network elements associated with the first router. In some cases, the method may further include sending, to a second router, a message including a stub registration option that indicates the first network address prefix.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media are provided to populate databases with routing data for containers to eliminate the need for continuously accessing a global discovery service. An example method includes initiating, from a source container operating on a first machine in a first rack, a communication with a destination container operating on a second machine on a second rack, wherein a local database on the first machine does not know an address of the destination container. The method includes accessing a global discovery service to provide the address of the destination container, populating the local database on the first machine with the address of the destination container and routing a packet from the source container to the destination container according to the address of the destination container.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media are provided to populate databases with routing data for containers to eliminate the need for continuously accessing a global discovery service. An example method includes initiating, from a source container operating on a first machine in a first rack, a communication with a destination container operating on a second machine on a second rack, wherein a local database on the first machine does not know an address of the destination container. The method includes accessing a global discovery service to provide the address of the destination container, populating the local database on the first machine with the address of the destination container and routing a packet from the source container to the destination container according to the address of the destination container.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for load balancing using segment routing and application monitoring. A method can involve receiving a packet including a request from a source device to an application associated with a virtual address in a network, mapping the request to a set of candidate servers hosting the application associated with the virtual address, and encoding the set of candidate servers as a list of segments in a segment routing header associated with the packet. The method can further involve determining that a first candidate server from the set of candidate servers is a next segment in the list of segments, encoding the first candidate server in a destination address field on a header of the packet, and forwarding the packet to the first candidate server.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for enabling container networking are disclosed. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a request from a first network container on a source server to establish a data session with a second network container on a destination server; determining a destination switch of the destination server based on the request; identifying a communication tunnel between the source server and the destination server; generating a data stream to be embedded in the pre-established communication tunnel, wherein a communication protocol associated with the request is different from a communication protocol used by the data stream; receiving a data packet to be sent to the destination container; mapping the data packet to the data stream; and sending the data packet to the destination server via the data stream over the communication tunnel.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media are provided to populate databases with routing data for containers to eliminate the need for continuously accessing a global discovery service. An example method includes initiating, from a source container operating on a first machine in a first rack, a communication with a destination container operating on a second machine on a second rack, wherein a local database on the first machine does not know an address of the destination container. The method includes accessing a global discovery service to provide the address of the destination container, populating the local database on the first machine with the address of the destination container and routing a packet from the source container to the destination container according to the address of the destination container.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media are provided to populate databases with routing data for containers to eliminate the need for continuously accessing a global discovery service. An example method includes initiating, from a source container operating on a first machine in a first rack, a communication with a destination container operating on a second machine on a second rack, wherein a local database on the first machine does not know an address of the destination container. The method includes accessing a global discovery service to provide the address of the destination container, populating the local database on the first machine with the address of the destination container and routing a packet from the source container to the destination container according to the address of the destination container.

Abstract: A method includes, in a constellation of clients including a first client and a second client, receiving, at the first client, a connection request from the second client, retrieving endpoint reachability data associated with the second client and transmitting, to a server, a connection request based on the endpoint reachability data. The first client receives, from the server and based on the connection request, endpoint reachability information associated with the second client and starts a bidirectional connection with the second client. A direct or indirect tunnel is established between the first client and the second client. The tunnel is set up based on a table which maps a first connectivity option associated with the first client to a second connectivity option associated with the second client to determine whether to establish the direct tunnel or the indirect tunnel between the first client and the second client.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for enabling container networking are disclosed. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a request from a first network container on a source server to establish a data session with a second network container on a destination server; determining a destination switch of the destination server based on the request; identifying a communication tunnel between the source server and the destination server; generating a data stream to be embedded in the pre-established communication tunnel, wherein a communication protocol associated with the request is different from a communication protocol used by the data stream; receiving a data packet to be sent to the destination container; mapping the data packet to the data stream; and sending the data packet to the destination server via the data stream over the communication tunnel.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for providing multi-cloud connectivity. A method can involve adding a new virtual private cloud (VPC) to a multi-cloud environment including a private network and VPCs connected to the private network via a segment routing (SR) domain and respective virtual routers on the VPCs and the private network. The method can involve deploying a new virtual router on the new VPC, registering the new virtual router at a BGP controller in the multi-cloud environment, and receiving, at the BGP controller, topology information from the new virtual router. The method can further involve identifying routes in the multi-cloud environment based on paths computed based on the topology information, sending, to the new virtual router, routing information including the routes, SR identifiers and SR policies, and based on the routing information, providing interconnectivity between the private network, the VPCs, and the new VPC.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for load balancing using segment routing and application monitoring. A method can involve receiving a packet including a request from a source device to an application associated with a virtual address in a network, mapping the request to a set of candidate servers hosting the application associated with the virtual address, and encoding the set of candidate servers as a list of segments in a segment routing header associated with the packet. The method can further involve determining that a first candidate server from the set of candidate servers is a next segment in the list of segments, encoding the first candidate server in a destination address field on a header of the packet, and forwarding the packet to the first candidate server.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for load balancing using segment routing and application monitoring. A method can involve receiving a packet including a request from a source device to an application associated with a virtual address in a network, mapping the request to a set of candidate servers hosting the application associated with the virtual address, and encoding the set of candidate servers as a list of segments in a segment routing header associated with the packet. The method can further involve determining that a first candidate server from the set of candidate servers is a next segment in the list of segments, encoding the first candidate server in a destination address field on a header of the packet, and forwarding the packet to the first candidate server.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for controlling container execution. In some examples, a system can determine whether a block of a container image used in running a container is present in local storage at a host. If the block of the container image is present in the local storage at the host, then the system can use the block in the local storage to run the container at the host. If the block of the container image is absent from the local storage at the host, the system can fetch the block of the container image for the host from a container image storage node where the container image resides in its entirety. The system can use the block of the container image fetched from the container image storage node to run the container.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for load balancing using segment routing and application monitoring. A method can involve receiving a packet including a request from a source device to an application associated with a virtual address in a network, mapping the request to a set of candidate servers hosting the application associated with the virtual address, and encoding the set of candidate servers as a list of segments in a segment routing header associated with the packet. The method can further involve determining that a first candidate server from the set of candidate servers is a next segment in the list of segments, encoding the first candidate server in a destination address field on a header of the packet, and forwarding the packet to the first candidate server.