Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: A gutter protecting apparatus includes a plurality of substantially parallel rods extending in a downward slope from near a roof edge to and beyond the far side of the gutter. The rods extend substantially perpendicular to the gutter's length and to a frame to which the rods connect at the upper edge. Preferably, the lower rod ends are spaced above and slightly beyond the far edge of the gutter to allow debris to pass the gutter without catching. Legs can extend down from some rods to the gutter's far edge to provide support. The apparatus can be pivotably mounted to the roof, the fascia or the gutter, permitting access beneath. The apparatus forms a cage-like covering over the gutter to exclude matter and small creatures, while allowing the liquid to flow past. Sunlight bypassing the rods and movement of air through the gutter make the water exiting the downspout cleaner.

Abstract: To maintain control of arc position in travel along a predetermined welding path, wherein the arc or equivalent heat source is given at least a minimal lateral reciprocation, an electrical characteristic, such as current, is sampled to obtain a continuous signal containing a component which varies with lateral position of the heat source. The first signal is also sampled at the extreme lateral positions of the arc to obtain comparable signal elements which are accumulated, amplified, compared with each other and/or with reference signals, and resultant outputs are used to initiate corrective action. This action may involve giving warning to a human operator or it may involve partial or full control of a physical or mechanical correction procedure. A general application is to the welding of a groove formed between adjacent work pieces. A more specific application is to weld joints involving narrow gaps between length of large pipe in pipeline building.

Abstract: Signals which contain components that vary with the lateral position of an electric welding instrument as it travels along a weld path between opposite work pieces are obtained from the arc or other heat source and are first processed to remove confusing or nonsignificant components. The processed signals are then compared or combined with each other, or with other signals of predetermined value, to obtain outputs which can be used to determine or control the lateral position or movement of the welding instrument along the weld path. Specifically, in electric arc welding of metals, signals from an electrical characteristic at the arc, such as arc current, which include a component indicative of lateral position of the welding instrument with respect to one or more sidewalls, are first filtered and processed to remove undesirable components.

Abstract: A self-propelled arc welding device, which uses an inert gas within a primary zone to protect superheated metal from contact with atmospheric elements, is shielded with an outer compartment to protect against external air currents in the form of a portable shroud which closes off air currents along the work surface, at least partially. Particularly, for protecting girth welds in pipelines welded by a track-guided machine moving orbitally about the pipe, the compartment includes elements which make a substantially line contact with the pipe surface. The carriage which supports the welding device preferably carries the arc-enclosing shield. An observation window or opening for watching the arc is provided and free access to controls and adjustment means is permitted so that normal control operations are not hampered.

Abstract: An annular work piece, such as a large pipe, is prepared for welding end-to-end to a similar piece, by a combination of cutting or machining and swaging or cold-rolling, to form bevel, land, and an annular fin-like projection which will better control penetration. In its apparatus aspects, an internal clamp mechanism is used to hold the pipe against rotation while also keeping it essentially circular in outline, a series of cutting tools, preferably complementing each other, is driven around the pipe and end for exterior and interior bevel surfaces with a more or less plane land surface between them. Rollers which serve to constrain and guide the cutting tools are thereafter employed to swage or cold-work the interior of the pipe end to form a small sharp-edged annular projection which serves as a heat sink to control and limit penetration of molten metal from an external electric arc into the interior of the joint. A supplementary back-up or chill may be used for further control, if needed.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for welding girth joints in pipelines and similar structures, of the general type described and claimed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,806,694, is improved by adding to the normal or conventional head, on its frame, a second or supplemental welding head with its own independent wire electrode, electric power and shielding gas supply. The second head is mounted on an adjustable support for accommodating work pieces of different radius or for varying arc positions. Oscillating means for spreading the molten metal across the width of the joint, as normally provided for the single welding head in the patent mentioned, are adapted to operate the second head as well and to vary its amplitude of movement. Separate means are provided for adjusting the spacing between each head and the work and also for lateral adjustment to align the heads with the plane of the joint. By these means, the number of stations required for a multiple pass operation, on thick wall pipe, for example, may be reduced.