Abstract: A touch screen uses one or more force sensors to determine location of the touch on the screen. Bending or twisting of the touch screen overlay, or of the support structure upon which the touch screen is mounted, may result in the detection of undesirable forces by force sensors. These undesirable forces may distort the measurement of the location of the touch on the screen. The force sensor is arranged to reduce the effects of flexure on the determination of the location of the touch. For example, a rotational softener, such as a rotational bearing or a pliable material may be included with the force sensor.

Abstract: A force sensor for sensing a touch force applied to a touch surface is disclosed. The force sensor includes: a first element including an elastic element and a first capacitor plate having a first capacitive surface, the elastic element including at least part of the first capacitor plate; and a second element including a second capacitor plate opposed to the first capacitor plate; wherein transmission of at least part of the touch force through the elastic element contributes to a change in capacitance between the first capacitor plate and the second capacitor plate. The elastic element and the first capacitor plate may be integral. Other force sensors and methods for manufacturing said force sensors are also disclosed. Touch location devices suitable for use with the disclosed force sensors are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed, particularly, though by no means exclusively, useful in touch—screen computer CRT display systems and the like, and more generally in other force and/or torque measurement systems, as in weighing and the like, in which (1) lineal and/or rotational acceleration of the system is sensed in response to inertial interference effects such as tilt or movement that introduce errors into the force and/or torque measurements, and/or (2) inertial error correction from the force data itself is obtained, such as derivative order corrections; and such data is used to correct the force and/or torque measurements. A novel calibration technique for deriving appropriately descriptive coefficients to the particular system for the correcting data, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed, particularly, though by no means exclusively, useful in touch—screen computer CRT display systems and the like, and more generally in other force and/or torque measurement systems, as in weighing and the like, in which (1) lineal and/or rotational acceleration of the system is sensed in response to inertial interference effects such as tilt or movement that introduce errors into the force and/or torque measurements, and/or (2) inertial error correction from the force data itself is obtained, such as derivative order corrections; and such data is used to correct the force and/or torque measurements. A novel calibration technique for deriving appropriately descriptive coefficients to the particular system for the correcting data, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A pre-press process employs color accurate instant photography so that the customer and/or his photographer adjust lighting and exposure at the photography session to achieve approved reflection originals. The photographs are judged under controlled lighting against a standard background in device such as a potable illuminator. Since any deficiencies are corrected by recreating an improved original, the session produces a job output which is 100% suitable for color accurate scanning and separation without the intervention of the pre-press operator. Originals are suitable as proofs for the printer to match. Novel means are employed to achieve rapid, colorimetrically calibrated scanning with standard equipment, and the colorimetry of the prior art is improved to deal effectively with whitepoint and blackpoint misalignment.

Abstract: A pre-press process employs color accurate instant photography so that the customer and/or his photographer adjust lighting and exposure at the photography session to achieve approved reflection originals. The photographs are judged under controlled lighting against a standard background in device such as a portable illuminator. Since any deficiencies are corrected by recreating an improved original, the session produces a job output which is 100% suitable for color accurate scanning and separation without the intervention of the pre-press operator. Originals are suitable as proofs for the printer to match. Novel means are employed to achieve rapid, colorimetrically calibrated scanning with standard equipment, and the colorimetry of the prior art is improved to deal effectively with whitepoint and blackpoint misalignment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed, particularly, though by no means exclusively, useful in touch--screen computer CRT display systems and the like, and more generally in other force and/or torque measurement systems, as in weighing and the like, in which (1) lineal and/or rotational acceleration of the system is sensed in response to inertial interference effects such as tilt or movement that introduce errors into the force and/or torque measurements, and/or (2) inertial error correction from the force data itself is obtained, such as derivative order corrections; and such data is used to correct the force and/or torque measurements. A novel calibration technique for deriving appropriately descriptive coefficients to the particular system for the correcting data, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for determination of touch location on a display screen or the like or other surface embodying a force-sensing platform or surface supporting or otherwise externally contacting the display screen monitor apparatus, and responding to the forces created by the thrust of touching a point of the display screen, to sense and calculate the location of the touching point. The underlying technique employs force-sensing means responsive to all six degrees of freedom of applied (touching) force and torque, achieving force location away from the plane of the sensors and in spite of tangential force components by calculating the point of least magnitude of the three-dimensional torque vector from among all points within the screen or surface, and outputting this point as an estimate of the intersection point of the screen or surface with the thrust line of the touching or other contact force.

Abstract: A novel separate synchronizing error signal integrating filter section and error signal phase lock loop section independently controllable for such purposes as controlling the horizontal synchronization of overlayed video and graphic display rasters, particularly during periods of aberrant operation.