Abstract: This invention uses the process of osmosis and diffusion of a liquid of low concentration into a liquid of high concentration. The device taps the energy created by a liquid of low concentration flowing into a liquid of high concentration. The inventor has created several embodiments that can be heat engines, heat pumps, energy storage devices, and batteries. The invention changes solar ponds and concentration cells into heat storage devices and rechargeable batteries. Osmosis at two semipervious membranes, one heated and one cooled, in a loop of tubing produces a heat engine. A heat pipe is changed into a heat engine by using different concentrations at each end. Two vessels, one containing a high concentration of a liquid and the other containing a low concentration of a liquid, can be configured with the used of electrodes, turbines, semipervious membranes into heat engines, heat pumps, energy storage devices, and batteries.

Abstract: The generator has three main parts. The first is a charged particle source. The second is a static electric field. The third is a collector connected to the ground or a capacitor. The first species has a wire, the collector, from the ground to the ion source. In the second species, the wire acts as a collector or is attached to the collector. The charged particle source can be any method that can produce ions. The electrostatic field can be the field of the Earth or a static field. The collector is attached to a grounded load. In one design, electrons are drawn through the load by an electron-emitting source attached to the top of the wire. The static electric field causes the rise of the electrons in the wire. In another embodiment, ions from the ion source are accelerated by the static field towards a collector.

Abstract: This invention uses the process of osmosis and diffusion of a liquid of low concentration into a liquid of high concentration. The invention taps the energy created by a liquid of low concentration flowing into a liquid of high concentration. The inventor has created several embodiments that can be heat engines, heat pumps, energy storage devices, and batteries. The invention changes solar ponds and concentration cells into heat storage devices and rechargeable batteries. Osmosis at two semipervious membranes, one heated and one cooled, in a loop of tubing produces a heat engine. A heat pipe is changed into a heat engine by using different concentration at each end. Two vessels, one a high concentration of a liquid and the other containing a low concentration of a liquid, can be configured with the used of electrodes, turbines, semipervious membranes into be heat engines, heat pumps, energy storage devices, and batteries.