Abstract: Provided is 4-methylumbelliferone, derivatives and salts thereof, or a composition comprising same for use in the treatment of a condition of the nervous system in a subject. Preferably, the condition is one associated with a scar, such as a glial scar. Typically, the condition of the nervous system is selected from the group comprising conditions caused by trauma, injury, infection, degeneration, structural defects, tumours, blood flow disruption. The neural and other lesions are made permeable and repairable.