Abstract: A process for copolymerizing vinyl monomers with cotton to yield a product having encapsulated cotton fibers, the product in fabric form has improved durable-press properties, improved soil release, improved dyeability, improved abrasion resistance, and the product contains new multifunctional reactive groups which are useful in further textile modification. The reaction is carried out generally by treating cotton fabric with a vinyl monomer in a deoxygenated mixture of solvents, then irradiating the impregnated immersed fabric by exposure to near-ultraviolet-light radiation.

Abstract: Acetylthio amides and esters were prepared by the free radical addition of thiolacetic acid to the terminal and nonterminal double bonds of N-substituted fatty amides and fatty esters. The free radical additions of the thiolacetic acid to the unsaturated compounds were initiated by irradiation using cobalt-60. The process using irradiation with cobalt-60 was also used to bring about the addition of bromotrichloromethane to N-substituted fatty amides and fatty esters to produce halogen-containing amides and esters. These new sulfur or halogen-containing compounds were found to have antimicrobial activity and to possess properties making them useful as antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: Acrylated cotton fabric is reacted with water-N,N-dimethylformamide solutions of acrylamide and then exposed to near ultraviolet light in an inert atmosphere to produce crosslinked acrylated cotton fabrics with durable press properties. The treatment is also applicable to methacrylated cotton fabric and the results obtained are similar.

Abstract: A single treatment process for imparting durable soil release and soil repellent properties to cotton fabrics and to cotton polyester blend fabrics with widely different constructions and compositions comprising free radical initiated reactions of a vinyl monomer that contains carboxyl functional groups with cotton and polyester in the fabrics, is described. Of special interest is the unusually high efficiency of removal of both aqueous soils and oily soils from the treated fabrics and the unusually high durability of the properties of treated cotton fabrics and cotton polyester blend fabrics with widely different constructions and compositions to laundering and cleaning.

Abstract: Acetylthio amides and esters were prepared by the free radical addition of thiolacetic acid to the terminal and nonterminal double bonds of N-substituted fatty amides and fatty esters. The free radical additions of the thiolacetic acid to the unsaturated compounds were initiated by irradiation using cobalt-60. The process using irradiation with cobalt-60 was also used to bring about the addition of bromotrichloromethane to N-substituted fatty amides and fatty esters to produce halogen-containing amides and esters. These new sulfur or halogen-containing compounds were found to have antimicrobial activity and to possess properties making them useful as antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: Phosphonated N,N-disubstituted fatty amides were prepared by the free radical addition of dialkyl phosphites to terminal and nonterminal double bonds of N,N-disubstituted amides. The free radical additions of the dialkyl phosphites to the unsaturated amides were initiated by irradiation with gamma radiation from cobalt-60. These new compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity.

Abstract: Phosphonated N,N-disubstituted fatty acid morpholine derivatives were prepared by the free radical addition of dialkyl phosphites to terminal and nonterminal double bonds of N,N-disubstituted fatty acid morpholine derivatives. The free radical additions of the dialkyl phosphites to the unsaturated fatty acid morpholine derivatives were initiated by irradiation with gamma radiation from cobalt-60. These new compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity.

Abstract: Grafted cotton-poly(ethyl acrylate) copolymer and grafted mercerized cotton-poly(ethyl acrylate) copolymer have been prepared by a process which equates their reactivity. The process discloses the reaction of irradiated cotton and irradiated mercerized cotton with certain solutions of ethyl acrylate in either water, methanol, or mixtures thereof to yield the copolymer derivatives which have responded equally and do respond equally to further treatments.

Abstract: Phosphonated N,N-disubstituted fatty amides were prepared by the free radical addition of dialkyl phosphites to terminal and nonterminal double bonds of N,N-disubstituted amides. The free radical additions of the dialkyl phosphites to the unsaturated amides were initiated by irradiation with gamma radiation from cobalt-60. These new compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity.

Abstract: N,N-Dibutyloleamide mixed with a slight excess of dibutyl phosphite and exposed to ultraviolet radiation reacts to yield N,N-dibutyl-9(10)-dibutylphosphonooctadecanamide, which is useful in imparting antimicrobial activity to cellulosic textiles and other articles.