Abstract: According to one aspect, a power storage system may include an enclosure, and one or more modules disposed in the enclosure. Each of the one or more modules may include a plurality of electrochemical cells electrically coupled to one another, each one of the plurality of electrochemical cells including an oxygen evolution electrode (OEE), an anode, a gas diffusion electrode (GDE), an electrolyte, and a vessel and, within the vessel, the OEE, the anode, and the GDE at least partially immersed in the electrolyte.

Abstract: According to an aspect, an electrochemical cell may include a vessel, at least two instances of an anode assembly, at least two instances of an oxygen evolution electrode (OEE), and a gas diffusion electrode (GDE). In the vessel, the GDE may be disposed between mirrored arrangements of the at least two instances of the OEE and the at least two instances of the anode assembly.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices of the various embodiments may provide configurations for components of battery systems configured for thermal management. Systems, methods, and devices of the various embodiments may include a battery system with a plurality of metal-air batteries that each includes at least one air electrode, a metal electrode, a liquid electrolyte separating the at least one air electrode from the metal electrode, and a vessel including the liquid electrolyte. In various embodiments, the battery system may also include an air circulation system, a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) unit, and/or a liquid cooling system.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices of the various embodiments may provide control and/or sensing circuit configurations for electrochemical energy storage systems, such as metal-air battery systems. Various embodiments may include systems, methods, and devices supporting terminal switching between a charge cathode and a discharge cathode of a metal-air battery, bypass switching for the metal-air battery, and/or electrolyte low level detection for the metal-air battery.