Abstract: In a method for measuring an absorption coefficient and a reduced scattering coefficient of a multiple scattering medium, a source light beam is outputted, and is transformed into a transformed light beam that includes a mutually parallel circularly polarized photon pair. The transformed light beam is split into a signal beam, which is focused and projected into the multiple scattering medium to produce a diffused polarized photon pair density wave, and a reference beam, which is converted into a reference heterodyne interference signal. The diffused polarized photon pair density wave is converted into a test heterodyne interference signal. Amplitude attenuation and phase delay of the signal beam that has propagated through the multiple scattering medium is obtained based on the reference and test heterodyne interference signals, from which the absorption coefficient and the reduced scattering coefficient of the multiple scattering medium are inferred.

Abstract: In a method for measuring absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of a multiple scattering medium, a coherent light beam is outputted. The coherent light beam includes linear polarized P and S wave components having mutually orthogonal polarizations and frequencies ?P and ?S, respectively. Then, the coherent light beam is split into a signal beam and a reference beam, which include the P wave and S wave components. The signal beam is subsequently projected into the medium. Optical interference signals of the reference beam and the signal beam penetrating the medium are respectively detected and converted into heterodyne interference electrical signals. Thereafter, the two heterodyne interference electrical signals are compared to obtain amplitude attenuation and phase delay of the signal beam penetrating the medium, from which the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of the medium at a position where the signal beam penetrated the medium are inferred.

Abstract: In a method for measuring an absorption coefficient and a reduced scattering coefficient of a multiple scattering medium, a source light beam is outputted, and is transformed into a transformed light beam that includes a mutually parallel circularly polarized photon pair. The transformed light beam is split into a signal beam, which is focused and projected into the multiple scattering medium to produce a diffused polarized photon pair density wave, and a reference beam, which is converted into a reference heterodyne interference signal. The diffused polarized photon pair density wave is converted into a test heterodyne interference signal. Amplitude attenuation and phase delay of the signal beam that has propagated through the multiple scattering medium is obtained based on the reference and test heterodyne interference signals, from which the absorption coefficient and the reduced scattering coefficient of the multiple scattering medium are inferred.

Abstract: In a method for measuring absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of a multiple scattering medium, a coherent light beam is outputted. The coherent light beam includes linear polarized P and S wave components having mutually orthogonal polarizations and frequencies ?P and ?S, respectively. Then, the coherent light beam is split into a signal beam and a reference beam, which include the P wave and S wave components, respectively. The signal beam is subsequently projected into the medium. Optical interference signals of the reference beam and the signal beam penetrating the medium are respectively detected and converted into heterodyne interference electrical signals. Thereafter, the two heterodyne interference electrical signals are compared to obtain amplitude attenuation and phase delay of the signal beam penetrating the medium, from which the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of the medium at a position where the signal beam penetrated the medium are inferred.