Abstract: A method for generating a key stream according to an embodiment includes generating r round keys that are each N-dimensional integer vectors including elements of an integer set defined based on a prime number t, based on a random bit string, an encryption counter, and a secret key that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set , generating a first round output vector x1 by performing a modular addition operation on an initial vector and a first round key RK1 of the r round keys with the prime number t as a modulus, and generating a key stream that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set from the first round output vector x1 by using a second to r-th round keys of the r round keys, and one or more first round functions and a second round function.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a preliminary lithium metal oxide particle is prepared. The preliminary lithium metal oxide particle is cleaned using a boron compound cleaning solution. A cathode active material for a lithium secondary particle includes a lithium metal oxide particle where a ratio of a B+ peak intensity relative to a sum of peak intensities of Li+, B+ and LiB+ fragments by a TOF-SIMS analysis is in a range from 0.03% to 1.5%.

Abstract: A payment method for purchase of digital currency includes receiving selection information for selecting a specific payment type among a plurality of different payment types related to digital currency, in relation to a user account; registering a payment condition corresponding to the specific payment type to the user account by using the selection information; and starting an electronic payment process to purchase the digital currency for the user account in response to occurrence of a payment event related to the payment condition at the user account.

Abstract: A digital currency payment method for performing a payment related to digital currency used in contents viewing includes monitoring occurrence of a payment event related to a preset payment condition for purchase of the digital currency, in relation to a user account; starting an electronic payment process for purchase of the digital currency with respect to the user account when the payment event has occurred at the user account as a monitoring result; and supplying the digital currency to the user account when the purchase of the digital currency has been completed through the electronic payment process.

Abstract: A reception device that communicates with a transmission device is provided. The reception device includes a reception circuit configured to receive a clock signal, a first data signal, and a second data signal from the transmission device, a signal synchronization circuit configured to adjust the phases of the first data signal and the second data signal, and generate a first synchronization data signal and a second synchronization data signal, a signal distribution circuit configured to adjust the phase of the clock signal and generate a first distributed clock signal and a second distributed clock signal, and adjust the phases of the first synchronization data signal and the second synchronization data signal and generate a first distributed data signal and a second distributed data signal, and an output circuit configured to process the first distributed data signal and the second distributed data signal.

Abstract: An aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a washing machine that detects contamination of water due to a dye and prevents contamination of laundry due to the dye. The washing machine includes a tub; a drum configured to be rotatable inside of the tub; a detergent supplier configured to supply a detergent to the tub; a water supplier configured to supply a water to the tub; an optical sensor provided under the tub, wherein the optical sensor includes a light emitting element and a light receiving element configured to selectively receive a plurality of visible rays having different wavelengths and an infrared ray among a light emitted from the light emitting element; and a controller configured to control the water supplier to supply the detergent and the water to the tub and rotate the drum during a washing. In addition, the controller may reduce the washing time based on the sum of the received intensities of the plurality of visible rays and the received intensity of the infrared ray.

Abstract: A content participation translation apparatus includes a content registration unit for registering an original of content data on a database, wherein text data and image data are stored separately in the original of the content data; a data selection unit for individually selecting text data and image data included in either the original of the content data or a translation of the content data in which a translation is added to the original of the content data; a translations editor providing unit for providing a user terminal with a translations editor including a content data display unit for displaying the text data and the image data and a text data editor unit in which a translation of the text data is input; and a content storage unit for receiving a second-language text from at least one user terminal via the translations editor, and storing the text data, the image data, and the received second-language text as a translation of the content data.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing a translations editor on at least one user terminal. The apparatus includes a content data display unit for displaying text data and image data, which are extracted from content data, together; and a text data editor unit including a first-language text display unit for displaying a first-language text included in the text data, and a second-language text display unit in which a translation of the first-language text is input as a second-language text by a user of the user terminal.

Abstract: A reception device that communicates with a transmission device is provided. The reception device includes a reception circuit configured to receive a clock signal, a first data signal, and a second data signal from the transmission device, a signal synchronization circuit configured to adjust the phases of the first data signal and the second data signal, and generate a first synchronization data signal and a second synchronization data signal, a signal distribution circuit configured to adjust the phase of the clock signal and generate a first distributed clock signal and a second distributed clock signal, and adjust the phases of the first synchronization data signal and the second synchronization data signal and generate a first distributed data signal and a second distributed data signal, and an output circuit configured to process the first distributed data signal and the second distributed data signal.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes an indoor unit, an outdoor unit including an outdoor fan, a sensor unit mounted at an upper portion of the outdoor unit to sense snow piled up on the outdoor unit, and a control unit to determine whether snow is piled up or not based on an output from the sensor unit and control an operation of the outdoor fan to remove snow when snow is piled up based on the determination. The sensor unit includes a photo sensor and a temperature sensor.

Abstract: A dual-opening panoramic sunroof may include front glass which slides forward and rearward by being connected with a front sled that is slidable forward and rearward along a mechanism rail, a rear glass which slides forward and rearward by being connected with a rear sled, a front timing plate which has a rear end rotatably coupled to the rear sled, and a front end formed with a front groove to accommodate a portion of the front sled, and selectively connects the front sled and the rear sled, a rear tilt lever which is disposed rearward of the mechanism rail, and a rear timing plate which has a rear end rotatably coupled to the rear tilt sled, and a front end formed with a rear groove formed to selectively accommodate a portion of the rear sled, and connects the rear sled and the rear tilt sled.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a turbidity sensor and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a turbidity sensor capable of measuring turbidity of water including a liquid detergent as well as water including a powdered detergent and a control method thereof. The turbidity sensor includes a first light emitting unit emitting visible light, a first light receiving unit disposed opposite to the first light emitting unit at a position spaced apart from the first light emitting unit and receiving visible light emitted from the first light emitting unit, and a control unit determining a turbidity of a solution according to a ratio between the amount of visible light emitted from the first light emitting unit and the amount of visible light received by the first light receiving unit. According to the turbidity sensor and control method thereof, turbidity of the solution by the first and second particles is accurately measured.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus includes a body, an inner case disposed inside the body in a cooking compartment where food is being cooked, a detection hole formed at a wall of one side of the inner case, so that an infrared ray generated at the cooking compartment is released to the outside of the cooking compartment, and an infrared ray detecting apparatus including a reflecting mirror, which has a plurality of reflection surfaces and configured to change a path of an incident infrared ray, and an infrared ray sensor configured to receive the infrared ray having the path thereof changed to detect an intensity of the infrared ray, thereby reducing the size of a detection hole configured to pass the infrared ray that is generated inside the cooking compartment, so that the adverse effect caused by the leakage of a microwave is minimized.

Abstract: In at least one example embodiment, a system may include a television device configured to: transmit a request to execute an application; and a server configured to: execute the application that uses at least one function of the television device to generate an image; transmit the generated image to the television device; and transmit a request to execute the at least one function of the television device, and wherein the television device is further configured to: execute the requested function of the television device and transmit a result of the execution to the server.

Abstract: A dual-opening panoramic sunroof may include front glass which slides forward and rearward by being connected with a front sled that is slidable forward and rearward along a mechanism rail, a rear glass which slides forward and rearward by being connected with a rear sled, a front timing plate which has a rear end rotatably coupled to the rear sled, and a front end formed with a front groove to accommodate a portion of the front sled, and selectively connects the front sled and the rear sled, a rear tilt lever which is disposed rearward of the mechanism rail, and a rear timing plate which has a rear end rotatably coupled to the rear tilt sled, and a front end formed with a rear groove formed to selectively accommodate a portion of the rear sled, and connects the rear sled and the rear tilt sled.

Abstract: A content participation translation apparatus includes a content registration unit for registering an original of content data on a database, wherein text data and image data are stored separately in the original of the content data; a data selection unit for individually selecting text data and image data included in either the original of the content data or a translation of the content data in which a translation is added to the original of the content data; a translations editor providing unit for providing a user terminal with a translations editor including a content data display unit for displaying the text data and the image data and a text data editor unit in which a translation of the text data is input; and a content storage unit for receiving a second-language text from at least one user terminal via the translations editor, and storing the text data, the image data, and the received second-language text as a translation of the content data.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing a translations editor on at least one user terminal. The apparatus includes a content data display unit for displaying text data and image data, which are extracted from content data, together; and a text data editor unit including a first-language text display unit for displaying a first-language text included in the text data, and a second-language text display unit in which a translation of the first-language text is input as a second-language text by a user of the user terminal.

Abstract: A storage container with a sensor device to detect a state of food contained in the storage container and a refrigerator having the same. The sensor device is separably mounted to the storage container. The sensor device includes an electrode terminal usable not only to achieve a charging operation, but also to achieve a salinity measuring operation. Thus, the sensor device has user convenience while having a compact size.

Abstract: A heating cooker including an infrared ray detection device is disclosed. The heating cooker includes a body, an inner case disposed within the body, and provided therein with a cooking chamber to cook food, a detection hole formed at one side wall of the inner case, to allow an infrared ray generated in the cooking chamber to exit outwardly from the cooking chamber, a path change unit disposed in the vicinity of the detection hole, to change a path of the infrared ray passing through the detection hole, and an infrared sensor disposed to be spaced apart from the path change unit, to receive the infrared ray, the path of which has been changed. The path change unit is rotatable to enable the infrared sensor to receive infrared rays having different paths while being generated in different regions in the cooking chamber.

Abstract: When a signature apparatus cooperating with a market server receives signature request information for an optional application from the market server to sign an application, the signature apparatus determines whether an authentication note has been issued corresponding to application identification information included in the signature request information based on the application identification information. When the authentication note has not been issued; the signature apparatus issues the authentication note using the application identification information, generates signature information for the to application using the application identification information, and signs the application including the authentication note and the signature information.