Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes an electrode plate applied with a power; an ion blocker positioned at a bottom side of the electrode plate, which has a plurality of top holes formed thereon, and which is grounded; a shower head positioned at a bottom side of the ion blocker and which has a plurality of bottom holes formed thereon; and a turbulence generating unit configured to have a turbulence space therein, and which is positioned at a space between the ion blocker and the shower head, and wherein the top hole is positioned to overlap the turbulence space when seen from above, and the bottom hole is positioned at an outer side of the turbulence space, and which faces at least one of a bottom surface of the ion blocker and an outer wall of the turbulence generating unit when seen from below.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for treating or ameliorating metabolic diseases, cholestatic liver diseases, or organ fibrosis, which comprises administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an isoxazole derivative, a racemate, an enantiomer, or a diastereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the derivative, the racemate, the enantiomer, or the diastereoisomer.

Abstract: Provided is an active lens structure. The active lens structure has a configuration in which a polarization switching section and a polarization dependent lens section are integrally formed, wherein a lattice structure is formed on an upper surface of a liquid crystal phase polymer layer of the polarization dependent lens section, and the liquid crystal phase polymer layer is aligned in a top-down manner and is used as a lower alignment film of a liquid crystal layer. Therefore, the polarization switching section of the active lens structure can be fabricated without any lower alignment film and any lower glass substrate, so that it is possible to minimize the total thickness and simplifying the manufacturing process.

Abstract: In a transparent electrode based on a metal material having reduced light reflectance, a light absorbing layer having black characteristic is formed on a lower surface, a partition wall, and/or an upper surface of a metal wire, and thus, light reflectance of transparent electrode is minimized. In a method of manufacturing a transparent electrode, the light absorbing layer can be selectively formed on the upper and lower surfaces and the partition wall of the metal wire having a fine line width by using self-aligning and a spontaneous pattern effect. A conductive wire is implemented by using an imprinting process using an elastic body-based stamp, and thus, conductive wires having a fine line width and an excellent aspect ratio can be formed, so that it is possible to improve electric conductivity and transmittance.

Abstract: In a transparent electrode based on a metal material having reduced light reflectance, a light absorbing layer having black characteristic is formed on a lower surface, a partition wall, and/or an upper surface of a metal wire, and thus, light reflectance of transparent electrode is minimized. In a method of manufacturing a transparent electrode, the light absorbing layer can be selectively formed on the upper and lower surfaces and the partition wall of the metal wire having a fine line width by using self-aligning and a spontaneous pattern effect. A conductive wire is implemented by using an imprinting process using an elastic body-based stamp, and thus, conductive wires having a fine line width and an excellent aspect ratio can be formed, so that it is possible to improve electric conductivity and transmittance.

Abstract: A method of generating a boot image for fast booting an image forming apparatus. In the method, a boot image is generated to contain information regarding a system state after processes that are not used to execute an operating system and at least one application are terminated. Then, the image forming apparatus is fast booted using the boot image.

Abstract: Provided is an active lens structure. The active lens structure has a configuration in which a polarization switching section and a polarization dependent lens section are integrally formed, wherein a lattice structure is formed on an upper surface of a liquid crystal phase polymer layer of the polarization dependent lens section, and the liquid crystal phase polymer layer is aligned in a top-down manner and is used as a lower alignment film of a liquid crystal layer. Therefore, the polarization switching section of the active lens structure can be fabricated without any lower alignment film and any lower glass substrate, so that it is possible to minimize the total thickness and simplifying the manufacturing process.

Abstract: In a transparent electrode based on a metal material having reduced light reflectance, a light absorbing layer having black characteristic is formed on a lower surface, a partition wall, and/or an upper surface of a metal wire, and thus, light reflectance of transparent electrode is minimized. In a method of manufacturing a transparent electrode, the light absorbing layer can be selectively formed on the upper and lower surfaces and the partition wall of the metal wire having a fine line width by using self-aligning and a spontaneous pattern effect. A conductive wire is implemented by using an imprinting process using an elastic body-based stamp, and thus, conductive wires having a fine line width and an excellent aspect ratio can be formed, so that it is possible to improve electric conductivity and transmittance.

Abstract: In a transparent electrode based on a metal material having reduced light reflectance, a light absorbing layer having black characteristic is formed on a lower surface, a partition wall, and/or an upper surface of a metal wire, and thus, light reflectance of transparent electrode is minimized. In a method of manufacturing a transparent electrode, the light absorbing layer can be selectively formed on the upper and lower surfaces and the partition wall of the metal wire having a fine line width by using self-aligning and a spontaneous pattern effect. A conductive wire is implemented by using an imprinting process using an elastic body-based stamp, and thus, conductive wires having a fine line width and an excellent aspect ratio can be formed, so that it is possible to improve electric conductivity and transmittance.

Abstract: Provided is a method of forming metal-lines having high conductivity on a flexible substrate, including (a) forming a buffer layer on a first substrate, (b) forming metal-lines by printing a metal-nanoparticle-ink on the buffer layer, (c) sintering the metal-nanoparticle-ink through thermal treatment, (d) forming supporting-members between the metal-lines and the first substrate by etching the buffer layer by using a etching solvent and controlling an etching time so that a portion of the buffer layer is not etched, (e) picking up the metal-lines from the first substrate by using a stamp in the state where a pattern of the metal-lines is fixed and arranged by the supporting-members, and (f) transferring the picked-up metal-lines to a second substrate, wherein the first substrate is a heat resistant substrate which is not deformed at a sintering temperature of the metal-nanoparticle-ink, and the second substrate is a flexible substrate.

Abstract: A setting method to set an image forming apparatus is provided. The setting method includes: receiving a selection a backup file including user setting items, reading out the selected backup file from a storage medium, displaying a screen with all of a plurality of user setting items included in the read-out backup file, receiving a selection of at least one user setting item from all of the user setting items on the screen; and setting the image forming apparatus by restoring the selected user setting item selectively.

Abstract: An image reprinting apparatus and method thereof. The apparatus includes an image-processing information storage unit storing processing information of an image when the image is processed, a print history search unit searching the image-processing information storage unit to determine whether an input image has been printed before, a display unit processing the input image based on previous processing information of the input image if the print history search unit determines that the input image has been printed before and displaying the processed image, and an image-printing unit printing the displayed image. In the reprinting apparatus, information regarding the processing of an image that has been printed before is stored. When a user desires to reprint the image, the user can reprint the image without reprocessing the image, which enhances user convenience.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for scanning an image. The method includes determining a first side of the periphery of an original document while moving an image sensor, detecting first and second reference points representing first and second end points of the first side, scanning an image between the first and second reference points, and determining a second side of the original document opposite to the first side, wherein the scanning is stopped.

Abstract: An image forming method usable with an image forming device includes a storage medium mounting part to receive image data from a storage medium connectable therein and a displaying part to images that correspond to the image data received from the storage medium. The image forming method includes: receiving the image data and print information data about whether the images that correspond to the image data received from the storage medium have been printed before, dividing the images into a first group and a second group according to whether the images have been printed before and displaying the images in at least one of the first and second groups, printing one or more images selected from among the displayed images, and updating the print information data that corresponds to the printed one or more images in the storage medium. Thus, the user may easily obtain information about whether the images stored in the storage medium have been printed or not.

Abstract: An image reprinting apparatus and method thereof. The apparatus includes an image-processing information storage unit storing processing information of an image when the image is processed, a print history search unit searching the image-processing information storage unit to determine whether an input image has been printed before, a display unit processing the input image based on previous processing information of the input image if the print history search unit determines that the input image has been printed before and displaying the processed image, and an image-printing unit printing the displayed image. In the reprinting apparatus, information regarding the processing of an image that has been printed before is stored. When a user desires to reprint the image, the user can reprint the image without reprocessing the image, which enhances user convenience.

Abstract: A method of processing and editing a plurality of images and printing the processed and edited images at a time using a printing apparatus includes receiving an image to print selected by a user, receiving an input by the user regarding a predetermined selection item to process and edit the selected image, reading out the selected image, and processing and editing the image according to the selection item, if the user further selects a second image to print, processing and editing the further selected image, and printing all images processed and edited according to an input to print the images selected, and processed and edited.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for scanning an image. The method includes moving an image sensor; determining whether a side of a rectangular periphery is detected; detecting first and second reference points representing both end points of the side; receiving and scanning an image between the first and second reference points; deciding whether the side opposite to the side is detected; and stopping scanning the image, and stopping the image sensor.

Abstract: A method of printing only a local area of an image using a remote control panel application program unit and a local set therefor. The method includes printing the local area of the image by uploading image data regarding the image to a personal computer PC, displaying the image on a screen of the PC, designating a local area of the displayed image by a user, and directly printing local image data of the local area by the local set without uploading or downloading the local image data to the PC or the local set.