Abstract: A system for analyzing a tissue sample includes two wavelength-division multiplexers and a fiber coupler. The first wavelength-division multiplexer combines visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation and directs the combined electromagnetic radiation to the fiber coupler. The fiber coupler emits a sample beam of visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation toward a tissue sample, and a reference beam of visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation toward a reference mirror. The sample beam reflects off the tissue sample back to the fiber coupler. The reference beam reflects off the reference mirror back to the fiber coupler. The fiber coupler combines the reflected sample and reference beams and directs the combined electromagnetic radiation to the second wavelength-division multiplexer.

Abstract: A system for analyzing a tissue sample includes two wavelength-division multiplexers and a fiber coupler. The first wavelength-division multiplexer combines visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation and directs the combined electromagnetic radiation to the fiber coupler. The fiber coupler emits a sample beam of visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation toward a tissue sample, and a reference beam of visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation toward a reference mirror. The sample beam reflects off the tissue sample back to the fiber coupler. The reference beam reflects off the reference mirror back to the fiber coupler. The fiber coupler combines the reflected sample and reference beams and directs the combined electromagnetic radiation to the second wavelength-division multiplexer.

Abstract: A method for constructing a three-dimensional image of a sample includes producing electromagnetic radiation and directing the produced electromagnetic radiation such that it is incident on the sample at an oblique angle. The incident electromagnetic radiation is scanned in discrete increments to a plurality of discrete locations along a first direction, and at each discrete location, scanned along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The sample reflects a first portion of the incident electromagnetic radiation and absorbs a second portion of the incident electromagnetic radiation, and emits electromagnetic radiation responsive to the absorption. A plurality of cross-sectional images is produced from the reflected electromagnetic radiation and the emitted electromagnetic radiation, and each cross-sectional image is modified to compensate for the oblique angle. The modified cross-sectional images are then combined to create a three-dimensional image of the sample.

Abstract: A method and system to measure and image the full optical scattering properties by inverse spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (ISOCT) is disclosed. Tissue is modeled as a medium with continuous refractive index (RI) fluctuation and such a fluctuation is described by the RI correlation functions. By measuring optical quantities of tissue (including the scattering power of the OCT spectrum, the reflection albedo ? defined as the ratio or scattering coefficient ?s, and the back-scattering coefficient ?b), the RI correlation function can be inversely deduced and the full set of optical scattering properties can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention provides nanoparticles including a metallic core having a length along each axis of from 1 to 100 nanometers and a coating disposed on at least part of the surface of the metallic core, wherein the coating comprises polydopamine, along with methods for making and using such nanoparticles. The metallic core may be gold, silver or iron oxide and the polydopamine coating may have other substances bound to it, such as silver, targeting ligands or antibodies, or other therapeutic or imaging contrast agents. The disclosed nanoparticles can be targeted to cells for treating cancer or bacterial infections, and for use in diagnostic imaging.

Abstract: A method for constructing a three-dimensional image of a sample includes producing electromagnetic radiation and directing the produced electromagnetic radiation such that it is incident on the sample at an oblique angle. The incident electromagnetic radiation is scanned in discrete increments to a plurality of discrete locations along a first direction, and at each discrete location, scanned along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The sample reflects a first portion of the incident electromagnetic radiation and absorbs a second portion of the incident electromagnetic radiation, and emits electromagnetic radiation responsive to the absorption. A plurality of cross-sectional images is produced from the reflected electromagnetic radiation and the emitted electromagnetic radiation, and each cross-sectional image is modified to compensate for the oblique angle. The modified cross-sectional images are then combined to create a three-dimensional image of the sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for the determining a rate of change of one or more analyte concentrations in a target using non invasive non contact imaging techniques such as OCT. Generally, OCT data is acquired and optical information is extracted from OCT scans to quantitatively determine both a flow rate of fluid in the target and a concentration of one or more analytes. Both calculations can provide a means to determine a change in rate of an analyte over time. Example methods and systems of the disclosure may be used in assessing metabolism of a tissue, where oxygen is the analyte detected, or other functional states, and be generally used for the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides nanoparticles including a metallic core having a length along each axis of from 1 to 100 nanometers and a coating disposed on at least part of the surface of the metallic core, wherein the coating comprises polydopamine, along with methods for making and using such nanoparticles. The metallic core may be gold, silver or iron oxide and the polydopamine coating may have other substances bound to it, such as silver, targeting ligands or antibodies, or other therapeutic or imaging contrast agents. The disclosed nanoparticles can be targeted to cells for treating cancer or bacterial infections, and for use in diagnostic imaging.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for the determining a rate of change of one or more analyte concentrations in a target using non invasive non contact imaging techniques such as OCT. Generally, OCT data is acquired and optical information is extracted from OCT scans to quantitatively determine both a flow rate of fluid in the target and a concentration of one or more analytes. Both calculations can provide a means to determine a change in rate of an analyte over time. Example methods and systems of the disclosure may be used in assessing metabolism of a tissue, where oxygen is the analyte detected, or other functional states, and be generally used for the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of disease.

Abstract: A method and system to measure and image the full optical scattering properties by inverse spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (ISOCT) is disclosed. Tissue is modeled as a medium with continuous refractive index (RI) fluctuation and such a fluctuation is described by the RI correlation functions. By measuring optical quantities of tissue (including the scattering power of the OCT spectrum, the reflection albedo ? defined as the ratio of scattering coefficient ?s, and the back-scattering coefficient ?b), the RI correlation function can be inversely deduced and the full set of optical scattering properties can be obtained.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for the determining a rate of change of one or more analyte concentrations in a target using non invasive non contact imaging techniques such as OCT. Generally, OCT data is acquired and optical information is extracted from OCT scans to quantitatively determine both a flow rate of fluid in the target and a concentration of one or more analytes. Both calculations can provide a means to determine a change in rate of an analyte over time. Example methods and systems of the disclosure may be used in assessing metabolism of a tissue, where oxygen is the analyte detected, or other functional states, and be generally used for the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of disease.

Abstract: A method and system to measure and image the full optical scattering properties by inverse spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (ISOCT) is disclosed. Tissue is modeled as a medium with continuous refractive index (RI) fluctuation and such a fluctuation is described by the RI correlation functions. By measuring optical quantities of tissue (including the scattering power of the OCT spectrum, the reflection albedo ? defined as the ratio of scattering coefficient ?s, and the backscattering coefficient ?b), the RI correlation function can be inversely deduced and the full set of optical scattering properties can be obtained.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for the determining a rate of change of one or more analyte concentrations in a target using non invasive non contact imaging techniques such as OCT. Generally, OCT data is acquired and optical information is extracted from OCT scans to quantitatively determine both a flow rate of fluid in the target and a concentration of one or more analytes. Both calculations can provide a means to determine a change in rate of an analyte over time. Example methods and systems of the disclosure may be used in assessing metabolism of a tissue, where oxygen is the analyte detected, or other functional states, and be generally used for the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides nanoparticles including a metallic core having a length along each axis of from 1 to 100 nanometers and a coating disposed on at least part of the surface of the metallic core, wherein the coating comprises polydopamine, along with methods for making and using such nanoparticles. The metallic core may be gold, silver or iron oxide and the polydopamine coating may have other substances bound to it, such as silver, targeting ligands or antibodies, or other therapeutic or imaging contrast agents. The disclosed nanoparticles can be targeted to cells for treating cancer or bacterial infections, and for use in diagnostic imaging.

Abstract: Certain examples provide a structured illumination microscopy system. The example system includes a laser source to generate excitation illumination directed toward a target. The example system includes a modulator to modulate the excitation illumination temporally in a controllable spatial pattern to be constructed on the target object to provide sub-diffractional resolution in a lateral direction with respect to the target. The example system includes two synchronized laser scanning mirror units in confocal arrangement, the laser scanning units to be synchronized and controlled by a computing device, a first of the scanning mirror units to receive the modulated excitation illumination and project the modulated excitation illumination on the target object and a second of the scanning mirror units to receive emission fluorescence from the target and project the emission fluorescence.

Abstract: The present invention provides nanoparticles including a metallic core having a length along each axis of from 1 to 100 nanometers and a coating disposed on at least part of the surface of the metallic core, wherein the coating comprises polydopamine, along with methods for making and using such nanoparticles. The metallic core may be gold, silver or iron oxide and the polydopamine coating may have other substances bound to it, such as silver, targeting ligands or antibodies, or other therapeutic or imaging contrast agents. The disclosed nanoparticles can be targeted to cells for treating cancer or bacterial infections, and for use in diagnostic imaging.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for the determining a rate of change of one or more analyte concentrations in a target using non invasive non contact imaging techniques such as OCT. Generally, OCT data is acquired and optical information is extracted from OCT scans to quantitatively determine both a flow rate of fluid in the target and a concentration of one or more analytes. Both calculations can provide a means to determine a change in rate of an analyte over time. Example methods and systems of the disclosure may be used in assessing metabolism of a tissue, where oxygen is the analyte detected, or other functional states, and be generally used for the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides nanoparticles including a metallic core having a length along each axis of from 1 to 100 nanometers and a coating disposed on at least part of the surface of the metallic core, wherein the coating comprises polydopamine, along with methods for making and using such nanoparticles. The metallic core may be gold, silver or iron oxide and the polydopamine coating may have other substances bound to it, such as silver, targeting ligands or antibodies, or other therapeutic or imaging contrast agents. The disclosed nanoparticles can be targeted to cells for treating cancer or bacterial infections, and for use in diagnostic imaging.

Abstract: The present invention provides nanoparticles including a metallic core having a length along each axis of from 1 to 100 nanometers and a coating disposed on at least part of the surface of the metallic core, wherein the coating comprises polydopamine, along with methods for making and using such nanoparticles. The metallic core may be gold, silver or iron oxide and the polydopamine coating may have other substances bound to it, such as silver, targeting ligands or antibodies, or other therapeutic or imaging contrast agents. The disclosed nanoparticles can be targeted to cells for treating cancer or bacterial infections, and for use in diagnostic imaging.

Abstract: Certain examples provide a structured illumination microscopy system. The example system includes a laser source to generate excitation illumination directed toward a target. The example system includes a modulator to modulate the excitation illumination temporally in a controllable spatial pattern to be constructed on the target object to provide sub-diffractional resolution in a lateral direction with respect to the target. The example system includes two synchronized laser scanning mirror units in confocal arrangement, the laser scanning units to be synchronized and controlled by a computing device, a first of the scanning mirror units to receive the modulated excitation illumination and project the modulated excitation illumination on the target object and a second of the scanning mirror units to receive emission fluorescence from the target and project the emission fluorescence.