Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a fin-type active region protruding from a top surface of a substrate and extending in a first direction parallel to the top surface of the substrate, a gate structure intersecting with the fin-type active region and extending on the substrate in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, a source/drain region on a first side of the gate structure, a first contact structure on the source/drain region, and a contact capping layer on the first contact structure. A top surface of the first contact structure has a first width in the first direction, a bottom surface of the contact capping layer has a second width greater than the first width stated above in the first direction, and the contact capping layer includes a protruding portion extending outward from a sidewall of the first contact structure.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area disposed near the display area, a plurality of pixels disposed in the display area, a plurality of signal lines disposed on the substrate and connected to the pixels, and a pad portion disposed in the non-display area and including a plurality of pads. The signal lines include a first crack detecting line connected to a first test voltage pad and a first pad at a first node, connected to a second pad at a second node, and extending around the non-display area between the first node and the second node, as well as a first data line including a first end connected to a first transistor connected to the first crack detecting line at the second node, and a second end connected to corresponding pixels from among the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a neural network model deployment method and apparatus for providing a deep learning service. The neural network model deployment method may include providing a specification wizard to a user, searching for and training a neural network based on a user requirement specification that is input through the specification wizard, generating a neural network template code based on the user requirement specification and the trained neural network, converting the trained neural network into a deployment neural network that is usable in a target device based on the user requirement specification, and deploying the deployment neural network to the target device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for generating a neural network executable image. The apparatus includes one or more processors and executable memory for storing at least one program executed by the one or more processors. The at least one program receives user requirements including a default neural network model and training result data for generating a neural network executable image required by a user, checks whether the default neural network model included in the user requirements is capable of being supported in a target system in which the neural network executable image is to be installed, converts the default neural network model into a neural network model executable in the target system, converts the training result data by reconfiguring the data format set of the training result data, and generates a neural network executable image by combining the converted neural network model and the converted training result data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for developing a neural network application. The apparatus includes one or more processors and executable memory for storing at least one program executed by the one or more processors. The at least one program receives a target specification and an application specification including user requirements, searches for a neural network model corresponding to the target specification and the application specification in a database, builds an inference engine for performing a neural network operation used by the neural network model, and generates a target image for executing the neural network model to be suitable for a target device using the inference engine.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a federated learning method and apparatus. The federated learning method includes receiving a feature vector extracted from a client side and label data corresponding to the feature vector, outputting a feature vector with phase information preserved therein by applying the feature vector as input of a Self-Organizing Feature Map (SOFM), and training a neural network model by applying both the feature vector with the phase information preserved therein and the label data as input of a neural network model.

Abstract: Disclosed herein a method for configuration of semi-managed DHT based on NDN and system therefor. The method includes: managing and sharing manager nodes based on global information; generating a sub-range segment by partitioning a keyspace area, according to each group of the data peer nodes; managing the sub-range segment by distributing the sub-range segment corresponding to each group to data peer nodes of the each group; checking and analyzing liveness of the data peer node in the each group; estimating availability of the data peer nodes by predicting lifetime of data peer nodes through the checking and analyzing of liveliness; performing risk factor prediction that estimates data availability and sub-range management overhead; and performing a sub-range management decision at each of the manager nodes based on a result of the risk factor prediction, and performing a global stabilization decision required for global system stabilization.

Abstract: A service stream control system includes at least one area controller configured to control a traffic path and content cashing within a domain (intra-area), a service content coordinator configured to determine and manage a caching location of content located in the domain, and a service stream controller configured to set an optimum path in accordance with a network traffic state by interworking with the at least one area controller and the service content coordinator, and forward target content corresponding to a content request with reference to a service stream forwarding graph generated based on the set path. Therefore, it is possible to enhance efficiency of a content-centric network (CCN).

Abstract: A method for configuring a service function path (SFP) for a software defined network (SDN) based service function chain (SFC) may comprise configuring a SFC which is a set of ordered service functions (SFs) by reflecting requirements of a flow flowing into a network; generating a primary SFP that is a path through which the flow is to be actually transmitted in the network according to the SFC; generating a secondary SFP against an error of the primary SFP; and controlling a transmission path through which the flow is transmitted to be at least one of the primary SFP and the secondary SFP.

Abstract: A method for a node, which is positioned in a network including at least one shard based on regionally divided domains, to process a blockchain transaction in a distributed manner may comprises generating a dynamic committee including a plurality of nodes included in an identical shard; verifying a transaction through the generated committee and generating a transaction block; and storing the generated transaction block in a local ledger to which the node belongs. The at least one shard may include at least one local shard including nodes regionally positioned within a certain range and a global shard including a plurality of nodes belonging to different local shards.

Abstract: Provided are a method of generating a block chain and an apparatus and method for generating a block. The method of generating a block performed by a node in a block chain network includes receiving a first block from a first node, connecting the received first block to a block chain, determining whether the current node is qualified to generate a second block, which has the first block connected to the block chain as a parent block, generating a second block when the current node is qualified to generate a second block, and transmitting the generated second block to nodes other than the current node. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the waste of energy caused by all nodes performing proof of work for block generation.

Abstract: A service stream control system includes at least one area controller configured to control a traffic path and content cashing within a domain (intra-area), a service content coordinator configured to determine and manage a caching location of content located in the domain, and a service stream controller configured to set an optimum path in accordance with a network traffic state by interworking with the at least one area controller and the service content coordinator, and forward target content corresponding to a content request with reference to a service stream forwarding graph generated based on the set path. Therefore, it is possible to enhance efficiency of a content-centric network (CCN).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for setting up active networking of smart devices for providing a converged service. In the method of setting up active networking of smart devices for providing a converged service, each of a plurality of smart objects broadcasts location information thereof. A smart object neighboring a largest number of smart objects is selected as a smart zone manager from among the plurality of smart objects. The selected smart zone manager broadcasts smart zone information to neighbor smart objects, and then forms a smart zone.

Abstract: A near field communication (NFC) antenna and a smartphone having the antenna are disclosed. The present disclosure provides a parallel stacked NFC antenna, of a smartphone, suitable for NFC communication. In addition, provided is a component arrangement structure capable of performing effective NFC communication by determining the location of the NFC antenna on the basis of the location of a slit arranged in a metal housing, and a battery.

Abstract: Provided is a distributed service function (SF) forwarding system that applies the corresponding service function chain (SFC) to traffic classified by a plurality of service network (SN) controller instances based on an SN overlay structure. Therefore, by selectively combining and executing necessary network functions (SFs) according to a path and traffic made up of defined component services, it is possible to dynamically configure and control one network service.

Abstract: A near field communication (NFC) antenna and a smartphone having the antenna are disclosed. The present disclosure provides a parallel stacked NFC antenna, of a smartphone, suitable for NFC communication. In addition, provided is a component arrangement structure capable of performing effective NFC communication by determining the location of the NFC antenna on the basis of the location of a slit arranged in a metal housing, and a battery.

Abstract: A system for distributed multi-domain routing control includes two or more software-defined network (SDN) controllers and virtual routers. The two or more SDN controllers create virtual topology information by collecting information about switches under the control thereof, exchange network information about a different virtual network, as well as create a routing path from a source terminal to a destination cross switch or a routing path from the destination cross switch to a destination terminal based on location identification information of the destination terminal and/or the virtual topology information. Then, the virtual routers manage communication between the different virtual tenant networks or communication between each virtual tenant network and an external network.

Abstract: A method for configuring a service function path (SFP) for a software defined network (SDN) based service function chain (SFC) may comprise configuring a SFC which is a set of ordered service functions (SFs) by reflecting requirements of a flow flowing into a network; generating a primary SFP that is a path through which the flow is to be actually transmitted in the network according to the SFC; generating a secondary SFP against an error of the primary SFP; and controlling a transmission path through which the flow is transmitted to be at least one of the primary SFP and the secondary SFP.

Abstract: An original packet flow mapping apparatus and method based on an overlay network. The original packet flow mapping apparatus may include a packet-in message receiver, a flow controller, an overlay tunnel controller, and an interface, whereby flows can be identified even in a physical network segment on which an overlay link is implemented and then the flow can be mapped to an original flow.

Abstract: Provided is a distributed service function (SF) forwarding system that applies the corresponding service function chain (SFC) to traffic classified by a plurality of service network (SN) controller instances based on an SN overlay structure. Therefore, by selectively combining and executing necessary network functions (SFs) according to a path and traffic made up of defined component services, it is possible to dynamically configure and control one network service.