Abstract: This application discloses methods for modulating plant growth and biomass comprising stably incorporating into the genome of the plant a genetic construct comprising a gene promoter that is active in wood-forming tissues, a polynucleotide sequence encoding polypeptide regulators of cell division and a gene termination sequence.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a phase of an input signal includes: a phase detector unit for detecting the phase of the input signal referring to a plurality of clock signals having different phases and for outputting a plurality of phase detection results, wherein each of the phase detection results represents a candidate phase of the input signal and corresponds to one of the clock signals; and a phase decision unit, coupled to the phase detector unit, for determining the phase of the input signal according to the phase detection results.

Abstract: An integrated process for the production of ethanol from woody plant material is provided, the process comprising: contacting a continuous flow of the plant material with a counter-current continuous flow of an aqueous ethanol solution at elevated temperature and pressure to provide plant material depleted of lignin; removing ethanol from the lignin-depleted plant material; contacting a continuous flow of the lignin-depleted plant material with water at elevated temperature and pressure to solubilize xylose within the plant material; and hydrolyzing cellulose present in the plant material to form glucose, which in turn is fermented to produce ethanol.

Abstract: Methods for producing genetically modified plants of the Eucalyptus species particularly Eucalyptus grandis, are provided. The methods involve transformation of internode stem segments with a desired genetic construct using Agrobacterium-mediated techniques and regeneration of the transformed plant material. Preferred culture media, including selection media, and improved plant culture techniques are disclosed.

Abstract: This application discloses plant polynucleotide sequences encoding polypeptide regulators of plant growth and reproduction, and their methods of use.