Abstract: A modular wave energy converter includes: a forward attachment frame; forward guide rails coupled to the forward attachment frame; a forward paddle coupled to the forward guide rails; and one or more forward tethers coupled to the forward paddle and the shaft. A combination of heave and surge forces from waves of water causes the forward paddle moves up and down the forward guide rails. The movement of the forward paddle moves the one or more forward tethers. The movement of the one or more forward tethers causes the shaft to rotate via the rotation of winches. The winches are configured with a one-way clutch, which allows the shaft to rotate in a first direction but not a second. The converter has the same structure on the aft side, including an aft paddle. The forward and aft paddles are positioned vertically or inclined.

Abstract: A modular wave energy converter includes: a forward attachment frame; forward guide rails coupled to the forward attachment frame; a forward paddle coupled to the forward guide rails; and one or more forward tethers coupled to the forward paddle and the shaft. A combination of heave and surge forces from waves of water causes the forward paddle moves up and down the forward guide rails. The movement of the forward paddle moves the one or more forward tethers. The movement of the one or more forward tethers causes the shaft to rotate via the rotation of winches. The winches are configured with a one-way clutch, which allows the shaft to rotate in a first direction but not a second. The converter has the same structure on the aft side, including an aft paddle. The forward and aft paddles are positioned vertically or inclined.

Abstract: A modular wave energy converter includes: a forward attachment frame; forward guide rails coupled to the forward attachment frame; a forward paddle coupled to the forward guide rails; and one or more forward tethers coupled to the forward paddle and the shaft. A combination of heave and surge forces from waves of water causes the forward paddle moves up and down the forward guide rails. The movement of the forward paddle moves the one or more forward tethers. The movement of the one or more forward tethers causes the shaft to rotate via the rotation of winches. The winches are configured with a one-way clutch, which allows the shaft to rotate in a first direction but not a second. The converter has the same structure on the aft side, including an aft paddle. The forward and aft paddles are positioned vertically or inclined.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for detecting a session status based on a cookie associated with the session is provided. The present invention may include receiving an access request to a specified location associated with a server computer. The present invention may also include determining that the received access request has the cookie corresponding with the specified location. The present invention may also include receiving a last refresh time from the cookie. The present invention may then include determining the session status based on the retrieved last refresh time, a current request time, a refresh interval, and an overdue value.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for detecting a session status based on a cookie associated with the session is provided. The present invention may include receiving an access request to a specified location associated with a server computer. The present invention may also include determining that the received access request has the cookie corresponding with the specified location. The present invention may also include receiving a last refresh time from the cookie. The present invention may then include determining the session status based on the retrieved last refresh time, a current request time, a refresh interval, and an overdue value.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for detecting a session status based on a cookie associated with the session is provided. The present invention may include receiving an access request to a specified location associated with a server computer. The present invention may also include determining that the received access request has the cookie corresponding with the specified location. The present invention may also include receiving a last refresh time from the cookie. The present invention may then include determining the session status based on the retrieved last refresh time, a current request time, a refresh interval, and an overdue value.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for detecting a session status based on a cookie associated with the session is provided. The present invention may include receiving an access request to a specified location associated with a server computer. The present invention may also include determining that the received access request has the cookie corresponding with the specified location. The present invention may also include receiving a last refresh time from the cookie. The present invention may then include determining the session status based on the retrieved last refresh time, a current request time, a refresh interval, and an overdue value.

Abstract: Method for making polymer particulates, such as spherical powder and whiskers, by melting a polymer material under conditions to avoid thermal degradation of the polymer material, atomizing the melt using gas jet means in a manner to form atomized droplets, and cooling the droplets to form polymer particulates, which are collected for further processing. Atomization parameters can be controlled to produce polymer particulates with controlled particle shape, particle size, and particle size distribution. For example, atomization parameters can be controlled to produce spherical polymer powders, polymer whiskers, and combinations of spherical powders and whiskers. Atomizing apparatus also is provided for atoomizing polymer and metallic materials.

Abstract: Method for making polymer particulates, such as spherical powder and whiskers, by melting a polymer material under conditions to avoid thermal degradation of the polymer material, atomizing the melt using gas jet means in a manner to form atomized droplets, and cooling the droplets to form polymer particulates, which are collected for further processing. Atomization parameters can be controlled to produce polymer particulates with controlled particle shape, particle size, and particle size distribution. For example, atomization parameters can be controlled to produce spherical polymer powders, polymer whiskers, and combinations of spherical powders and whiskers. Atomizing apparatus also is provided for atoomizing polymer and metallic materials.