Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for recycling heavy oil produced water for use in a steam injection boiler without desilication, comprising: the heavy oil produced water sequentially undergoes pre-treatment, filtration treatment and divalent and trivalent scaling ion removal by using a macroporous weak acid resin and the like. The method may reduce the concentration of the divalent and trivalent scaling ions in the heavy oil produced water to below 50 ?g/L, and can recycle high-silicon-containing heavy oil produced water for use in the steam injection boiler without desilication. Further disclosed is a system for recycling heavy oil produced water for use in a steam injection boiler without desilication.

Abstract: A method for deep removal of divalent and trivalent scaling ions from heavy oil produced water is described. The method comprises performing divalent and trivalent scaling ion deep removal treatment on heavy oil produced water by using a macroporous weak acid resin, to reduce divalent and trivalent scaling ions in the heavy oil produced water to 50 ?g/L. The water quality of produced water treated using the method is superior to the boiler water standard, a silicon removal process in a conventional heavy oil produced water treatment process can be cancelled, and significant economic benefits are achieved.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus which permits making a composite oxide thin film excellent in crystallinity easily and at a low temperature, with the capability of controlling the basic unit cell structure as desired, and without the need for a post annealing, as well as a composite oxide thin film thereby, especially a Cu group high temperature superconducting thin film, are disclosed. A thin Cu group high temperature superconducting film, which is constituted of a charge supply block (1) and a superconducting block (2), is formed on a substrate by alternately sputtering from a sputtering target having a composition of the charge supply block (1) and a sputtering target having a composition of the superconducting block (2) and repeating such an alternate sputtering operation a number of times needed for the film to reach a desired thickness.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus which permits making a composite oxide thin film excellent in crystallinity easily and at a low temperature, with the capability of controlling the basic unit cell structure as desired, and without the need for a post annealing., as well as a composite oxide thin film thereby, especially a Cu group high temperature superconducting thin film, are disclosed. A thin Cu group high temperature superconducting film, which is constituted of a charge supply block (1) and a superconducting block (2), is formed on a substrate by alternately sputtering from a sputtering target having a composition of the charge supply block (1) and a sputtering target having a composition of the superconducting block (2) and repeating such an alternate sputtering operation a number of times needed for the film to reach a desired thickness.