Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a remote sensing-based extraction method for a type of a river channel, including: obtaining multi-source remote sensing data of a target area including a river channel; preprocessing the multi-source remote sensing data, and obtaining corresponding reflectance data; according to the reflectance data, analyzing a water index and a vegetation index of the target area; and according to the water index and the vegetation index, constructing first preset conditions for determining whether there is water in the river channel and second preset conditions for determining whether the river channel is a non-dry river channel to determine the type of the river channel. Types of river channels can be divided into four types: non-dry river channels, seasonal dry river channels, temporary water channels, and dry river channels.