Abstract: A furnace tube structure, a furnace rear sealing device, and a furnace are provided. The furnace includes a furnace body, a furnace tube, a flange mounting plate, a furnace rear flange, and a rear cover. The furnace tube is arranged in the furnace body. The flange mounting plate is arranged on a rear end of the furnace body. The furnace rear flange is mounted on the flange mounting plate. The rear cover is connected to the furnace rear flange and configured to seal the rear end of the furnace body, the rear cover is provided with an air pipe that communicates with the furnace tube.

Abstract: A method for making a solar cell includes: providing and texturing a silicon substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; performing boron diffusion and high-temperature oxidation treatment on the silicon substrate; forming a tunnel oxide layer and a doped polycrystalline silicon layer on a second surface; depositing a passivation layer on the first surface or both the first surface and the second surface; depositing anti-reflection layers on the first and second surfaces; forming metal grid lines on both the first and second surfaces to form a solar sheet; applying a deflection voltage to the solar sheet; maintaining the deflection voltage and using laser to scan the metal grid lines on the first surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a production line for producing a solar cell, including a texturing device, a heat treatment system, a phosphorus diffusion device, an etching device, a passivation system and an electrode manufacturing system. The texturing device is configured to perform a texturing process of an N-type silicon wafer, the heat treatment system is configured to perform a boron diffusion process and a LPCVD process, the phosphorus diffusion device configured to perform a phosphorus diffusion process on the N-type silicon wafer, the etching device is configured to perform an etching process of the N-type silicon wafer, the passivation system is configured to perform a passivation layer process, a front film process and a back film process of the N-type silicon wafer, and the electrode manufacturing system is configured to perform a preparation process of electrodes on two sides of the N-type silicon wafer to form a solar cell.

Abstract: A shock wave detection system includes an optical sensor configured to generate a sensor signal based on the received laser light, a processor, and a memory. The memory includes instructions stored thereon, which when executed by the processor cause the system to: generate a sensor signal based on the laser light; perform a digital fast Fourier transform on the sensor signal; determine a power spectral density of the sensor signal based on the digital fast Fourier transform; determine a difference in a frequency content before, during, and after a shock wave transition event based on the power spectral density; and determine a passing of the shock wave based on the difference in the frequency content.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vacuum coating device, including a heating apparatus, a loading plate apparatus, a spraying apparatus, a processing chamber and a plurality of valve chambers. The heating apparatus is configured to heat the processing chamber to a temperature that reaches a reaction temperature of the object to be coated and the processing gas, the loading plate apparatus is configured to load the object to be coated, the processing chamber includes a first coating vacuum chamber, a second coating vacuum chamber and a loading plate conversion vacuum chamber, and the loading plate conversion vacuum chamber is configured to convert a coating surface of an object to be coated to achieve a function of coating both sides of the object to be coated on a closed production line, and to improve production quality of the object to be coated.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a SiC ceramic part is provided. The method includes mixing SiC micron powders, nano carbon black and an additive in a solvent to obtain a spray slurry. The spray slurry is subjected to spray granulation to obtain SiC granulation powders. The SiC granulation powders and SiC unprocessed powders are mixed and printed by 3DP to obtain a green body. Then the green body is impregnated in a phenolic resin precursor and undergoes a cracking reaction to obtain a compact body. Finally, the compact body is subjected to reactive sintering to obtain the SiC ceramic part. The method is beneficial to improving the density and the strength of the SiC ceramic part.

Abstract: A loading and unloading system for silicon wafer includes a wafer guiding apparatus, a silicon wafer flipping apparatus, and a conveying apparatus. The wafer guiding apparatus includes a loading-guiding assembly, an unloading-guiding assembly, and a lateral conveying device connecting each of the loading-guiding assembly and the unloading-guiding assembly. The loading-guiding assembly controls loading of silicon wafers, the unloading-guiding assembly controls unloading of the silicon wafers. The silicon wafer flipping apparatus includes a silicon wafer flipping mechanism, a silicon wafer lateral moving mechanism, and a silicon wafer shift mechanism configured to control movement of the silicon wafer flipping mechanism, the silicon wafer flipping mechanism configured to flip the silicon wafers. The conveying apparatus is configured to control flowing of silicon wafers between a main apparatus and the silicon wafer flipping apparatus.

Abstract: A fluid properties sensing system includes an optical sensor which generates a sensor signal based on received laser light, a light source which transmits laser light through a transmitting fiber to a sensor head, a receiver that detects a portion of the laser light from a receiving fiber through an evanescent field of the transmitting fiber when the laser light radiates through a transmitting fiber wall of the transmitting fiber and interacts with a fluid medium at an interface of the sensor and the fluid medium, and a processor. The fibers are coupled at one end through the evanescent field to form the sensor head disposed in a flow field and to interact with the fluid medium. The processor identifies a change in the sensor signal based on a detected portion of the laser light resulting from an interaction of the sensor head with the fluid medium.

Abstract: A fluid properties sensing system includes an optical sensor which generates a sensor signal based on received laser light, a light source which transmits laser light through a transmitting fiber to a sensor head, a receiver that detects a portion of the laser light from a receiving fiber through an evanescent field of the transmitting fiber when the laser light radiates through a transmitting fiber wall of the transmitting fiber and interacts with a fluid medium at an interface of the sensor and the fluid medium, and a processor. The fibers are coupled at one end through the evanescent field to form the sensor head disposed in a flow field and to interact with the fluid medium. The processor identifies a change in the sensor signal based on a detected portion of the laser light resulting from an interaction of the sensor head with the fluid medium.

Abstract: A fluid properties sensing system includes an optical sensor which generates a sensor signal based on received laser light, a light source which transmits laser light through a transmitting fiber to a sensor head, a receiver that detects a portion of the laser light from a receiving fiber through an evanescent field of the transmitting fiber when the laser light radiates through a transmitting fiber wall of the transmitting fiber and interacts with a fluid medium at an interface of the sensor and the fluid medium, and a processor. The fibers are coupled at one end through the evanescent field to form the sensor head disposed in a flow field and to interact with the fluid medium. The processor identifies a change in the sensor signal based on a detected portion of the laser light resulting from an interaction of the sensor head with the fluid medium.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to systems and methods element identification and quantification. The method includes generating pulsed plasma based on an input voltage and a current so that the pulsed plasma interacts with a particle and atomizes the particle when the pulsed plasma is disposed in a flow field, identifying an atomic emission of the pulsed plasma with an optical sensor, determining element identification and quantification based on the identified emission of pulsed plasma, generating DC plasma having an electrical field based on an input DC voltage and a DC current, positioning the DC plasma in a flow field, detecting a change in the electrical field of the DC plasma, and determining a size of the particle based on the change in electrical field.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a system for actively controlling shock train in a high speed, air-breathing propulsion engine. The system includes an isolator, a sensor associated with the isolator, and a shock train fuel injector in electrical communication with the sensor. The sensor is configured to sense changes in pressure generated by a shock train in the isolator. The shock train fuel injector is in electrical communication with the sensor. The shock train fuel injector is configured to modulate fuel flow to the engine to control back pressure produced by the engine in response to predetermined pressure changes in the shock train.