Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of operating a memory, a memory and a memory system. The method comprises: performing a plurality of first programming verification operations on a plurality of memory cells of the memory, to acquire a plurality of memory cells with a first programming state to an i-th programming state, wherein i is a positive integer; performing a second programming verification operation on the memory cells with a an n-th programming state, to acquire a second verification result for the memory cells with the n-th programming state, wherein n is a positive integer; if the second verification result for the memory cells with the n-th programming state is greater than or equal to a second preset value, performing the second programming verification operation on the memory cells with n+1 programming state, wherein the second preset value is different from the first preset value.

Abstract: A super-resolution X-ray shadowgraph system includes an X-ray source, a sample stage, an X-ray detector and an image reconstruction device, which are arranged in sequence. Geometric centers of the X-ray source, the sample stage and the X-ray detector are collinear. The geometric center of the sample stage is provided with a through hole for placing a testing sample, the X-ray source is used for providing X-rays, and the X-rays penetrate the sample stage to form an image on the X-ray detector. The image reconstruction device is used for acquiring the image and performing an image reconstruction on the image to obtain a new image. The shadowgraph system and the imaging method therefor can overcome a deficiency of a lower resolution of the image limited by a size of the source, thereafter obtaining a clear shadowgraph with a high resolution.

Abstract: A super-resolution X-ray shadowgraph system includes an X-ray source, a sample stage, an X-ray detector and an image reconstruction device, which are arranged in sequence. Geometric centers of the X-ray source, the sample stage and the X-ray detector are collinear. The geometric center of the sample stage is provided with a through hole for placing a testing sample, the X-ray source is used for providing X-rays, and the X-rays penetrate the sample stage to form an image on the X-ray detector. The image reconstruction device is used for acquiring the image and performing an image reconstruction on the image to obtain a new image. The shadowgraph system and the imaging method therefor can overcome a deficiency of a lower resolution of the image limited by a size of the source, thereafter obtaining a clear shadowgraph with a high resolution.