Abstract: A method for removing sulfates from seawater by immersing a barium adsorbent into produced water to adsorb the barium ions from the produced water. The adsorbent is combined with an acidic solution that pulls the barium ions into the acidic solution. The acidic solution containing barium ions is combined with seawater to precipitate the sulfate as barium sulfate (BaSO4).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for determining the dynamic adsorption retention of polymer capsules, belonging to the technical field of oil and gas field development engineering, which includes: (1) carrying out a thermal aging experiment to establish relational expressions between a capsule concentration and an aging time, as well as a polymer release concentration and the aging time; (2) setting up a polymer capsule displacement experimental device to determine the release concentration of polymers in effluent; (3) releasing polymers encapsulated by capsules in the effluent to acquire a total adsorption retention of polymers in a porous medium; and (4) inverting respective adsorption retentions of the capsule particles and the polymers in the porous medium.

Abstract: A bio-based polyester containing guanidine structures that increased antibacterial rates and the method of making thereof.

Abstract: Provided are a fused bicyclic heteroaryl amide compound as a protein aggregation inhibitor, as well as the use of such compound in the treatment or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by protein aggregation, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease dementia, multiple system atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and cancer.

Abstract: A scale inhibitor fluid includes 0.001 ppm to 100 ppm of a phosphonate compound, 20 ppm to 400 ppm of a cation-containing surfactant, and an aqueous fluid. The cation-containing surfactant includes at least one of a single positively charged cation-containing surfactant, a double positively charged cation-containing surfactant and a zwitterionic cation-containing surfactant. A method for inhibiting scale formation in a wellbore includes introducing a phosphonate compound, a cation-containing surfactant and an aqueous fluid to the wellbore to produce a scale inhibitor fluid.

Abstract: A method for realizing balanced displacement of crude oil by injection and production optimization coordinated chemical flooding which comprises the following steps: determining the median size and elastic modulus of viscoelastic particles according to the average permeability of the reservoir; optimizing the concentration ratio of the total concentration of the chemical agent; the physical parameters of each layer are counted, and the hierarchical system is combined according to the entropy weight algorithm and the cluster analysis method based on the gravity center method; the optimal section slug volume ratio of the single well injected with two slugs under the heterogeneity of the permeability of the strata is calculated; and the objective function is established by combining the coefficient of variation of remaining oil saturation, the effect of chemical flooding and the cost, and the numerical simulator is used to optimize the objective function.

Abstract: A method and system for predicting water flooding recovery of fault block reservoirs considering a whole process optimization includes: determining influencing factors in water flooding recovery of fault block reservoirs; screening master parameters of the water flooding recovery of the fault block reservoirs; determining a single-factor correlation between the water flooding recovery of the fault block reservoirs and the master parameters; designing multi-factor orthogonal experimental schemes; performing a whole-process water flooding optimization for each of the experimental schemes including separate-layer injection and production, well-type conversion, and injection and production adjustment, to obtain the maximum water flooding recovery; and determining a prediction model of the water flooding recovery of the fault block reservoirs using least square method based on results of the whole process optimization of orthogonal experiments, further obtaining a prediction model of the water flooding recovery of

Abstract: A gel particle-containing discontinuous phase seepage experimental apparatus includes a micro-liquid volume injection system, a pressure acquisition and transmission system, a microscopic observation system, and an in-microchannel particle screening and transfer system. According to the established discontinuous phase seepage experimental apparatus, particle sizes of gel particles are accurately screened by using a customized microfluidic chip, and transfer forms, existing states, pressure fluctuations, and the like of gel particles in a single-channel microfluidic chip under the conditions of different sizes, different elastic modulus, and different quantities are monitored in real-time by using a high-precision pressure sensing system and a microscopic observation system.

Abstract: A method and system for predicting water flooding recovery of fault block reservoirs considering a whole process optimization includes: determining influencing factors in water flooding recovery of fault block reservoirs; screening master parameters of the water flooding recovery of the fault block reservoirs; determining a single-factor correlation between the water flooding recovery of the fault block reservoirs and the master parameters; designing multi-factor orthogonal experimental schemes; performing a whole-process water flooding optimization for each of the experimental schemes including separate-layer injection and production, well-type conversion, and injection and production adjustment, to obtain the maximum water flooding recovery; and determining a prediction model of the water flooding recovery of the fault block reservoirs using least square method based on results of the whole process optimization of orthogonal experiments, further obtaining a prediction model of the water flooding recovery of

Abstract: A bidirectional self-regulating chemical flooding method and system for enhancing oil recovery includes: determining the average particle size of dispersed phase droplets under stable seepage flow of an oil-in-water emulsion according to the average reservoir permeability; determining injection concentration of an emulsifier which matches a target reservoir according to reservoir seepage velocity; under a condition of keeping the injection concentration of the emulsifier constant, determining the optimal injection concentration of a polymer which matches the injection concentration of the emulsifier through core flooding experiments with the maximum equivalent ton oil accumulation as a target; determining total injection amount of the emulsifier and total injection amount of the polymer for implementing well group units; and optimizing injection amount of the emulsifier and the polymer in each single well by using a numerical simulator of a chemical flooding reservoir.

Abstract: An encapsulated polymer flooding method and system for enhancing oil recovery includes: (1) determining reservoir parameters, a well deployment, and a development dynamic state of a target oil reservoir; (2) determining a near-wellbore targeted profile control area and a far-wellbore targeted viscosification area; (3) designing and synthesizing an encapsulated polymer according to conditions of the target oil reservoir; (4) evaluating and determining whether the anti-shearing performance, the sustained release and viscosification performance, the injection performance, and the profile control performance of the encapsulated polymer meet expected performance requirements based on laboratory tests; (5) formulating an injection scheme for an encapsulated polymer flooding field; and (6) monitoring the development dynamic state of the oil reservoir; according to the present disclosure, the polymer is wrapped with a shell layer, which greatly reduces the shear degradation during injection of the polymer and effecti

Abstract: Copolymer compositions and methods of making copolymer compositions with enhanced stability in high temperature and high salinity environments. The copolymers include hydrophobic monomers and sulfonated monomers. The sulfonated monomers can include 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and allyl sulfonate. The sulfonated monomers increase the stability of the polymers in harsh conditions, and in high temperature, high salinity environments. The sulfonated monomers also reduce or prevent the hydrolysis of acrylamide groups, and therefore enhance the stability of the copolymer. The copolymer compositions can be made with free radical polymerization and an initiation complex.

Abstract: A scale inhibitor fluid includes 0.001 ppm to 100 ppm of a phosphonate compound, 20 ppm to 400 ppm of a cation-containing surfactant, and an aqueous fluid. The cation-containing surfactant includes at least one of a single positively charged cation-containing surfactant, a double positively charged cation-containing surfactant and a zwitterionic cation-containing surfactant. A method for inhibiting scale formation in a wellbore includes introducing a phosphonate compound, a cation-containing surfactant and an aqueous fluid to the wellbore to produce a scale inhibitor fluid.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fast and robust quantification of magnetization transfer (MT) use off-resonance spin-lock MRI with as few as two or three image acquisitions. Each image acquisition can be performed using an off-resonance spin-lock pulse having a different RF amplitude and frequency offset. A parameter representing the difference of the relaxation rate in the rotating frame between the acquisitions can be computed. This parameter can be used to compute other parameters of magnetization transfer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a quotation method executed by a computer, comprising: obtaining structure parameters and electrical parameters of a product (S101); constructing an external view of the product by using the structure parameters of the product, and performing similarity comparison on the external view of the product and the external view of a historical product to obtain an appearance similarity sorting (102); performing similarity comparison on the electrical parameters of the product and the electrical parameters of the historical product to obtain an electrical parameter similarity sorting (103); on the basis of the cost weights of a structural member and an electrical component and the appearance similarity sorting and the electrical parameter similarity sorting, obtaining a comprehensive sorting which is based on the structure parameters and the electrical parameters (S104); and determining, based on the comprehensive sorting, a bill of materials of the product, and calculating, based on the bill of the mate

Abstract: A method for realizing balanced displacement of crude oil by injection and production optimization coordinated chemical flooding which comprises the following steps: determining the median size and elastic modulus of viscoelastic particles according to the average permeability of the reservoir; optimizing the concentration ratio of the total concentration of the chemical agent; the physical parameters of each layer are counted, and the hierarchical system is combined according to the entropy weight algorithm and the cluster analysis method based on the gravity center method; the optimal section slug volume ratio of the single well injected with two slugs under the heterogeneity of the permeability of the strata is calculated; and the objective function is established by combining the coefficient of variation of remaining oil saturation, the effect of chemical flooding and the cost, and the numerical simulator is used to optimize the objective function.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air imaging apparatus for a vehicle. The air imaging apparatus for vehicle being mounted in a vehicle, comprises: an image source configured for generating a graphic for display; and an imaging magnifier configured for magnifying the graphic generated by the image source and forming a real image in the air inside a vehicle. Further disclosed is a human-machine interactive in-vehicle assistance system, comprising the air imaging apparatus for vehicle as described above and a gesture recognition apparatus nearby the real image. With the enlarged image, the icons for displaying contents are also enlarged; as such, the gesture recognition apparatus can easily recognize which command icon is to be touched by the user's gesture. The gesture sliding distance is also correspondingly enlarged for the user's sliding gesture operation, which significantly lowers the requirement on the precision of the gesture recognition apparatus.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fast and robust quantification of magnetization transfer (MT) using off-resonance spin-lock MRI. The techniques can be insensitive to variations of the inherent relaxation rates R1 (1/T1) and R2 (1/T2) of the free-water pool and to variations of the chemical exchange pool. The techniques can also be robust in the presence of inhomogeneity in the B1 RF and/or B0 magnetic fields.

Abstract: Copolymer compositions and methods of making copolymer compositions with enhanced stability in high temperature and high salinity environments. The copolymers include hydrophobic monomers and sulfonated monomers. The sulfonated monomers can include 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and allyl sulfonate. The sulfonated monomers increase the stability of the polymers in harsh conditions, and in high temperature, high salinity environments. The sulfonated monomers also reduce or prevent the hydrolysis of acrylamide groups, and therefore enhance the stability of the copolymer. The copolymer compositions can be made with free radical polymerization and an initiation complex.

Abstract: Methods of selectively synthesizing n-tetrasilane are disclosed. N-tetrasilane is prepared by pyrolysis of silane (SiH4), disilane (Si2H6), trisilane (Si3H8), or mixtures thereof. More particularly, the disclosed synthesis methods tune and optimize the n-tetrasilane:i-tetrasilane isomer ratio. The isomer ratio may be optimized by selection of process parameters, such as temperature, residence time, and the relative amount of starting compounds. The disclosed synthesis methods allow facile preparation of n-tetrasilane.