Abstract: A low-floor electric axle assembly including: an axle housing, two hub motors, two planetary gear reducers, two hubs, a brake system, two C-shaped beams, and a suspension system. Mechanical mounting of the suspension system is compatible with a conventional axle. The axle housing has a left and right symmetrical dumbbell-shaped structure configured to bear a weight of a vehicle. The hub motors are inner rotor type motors and are separately arranged at two ends of the axle housing left and right symmetrically. The hub motors are arranged coaxially with two wheels respectively. Two hub motor rotors are connected to the planetary gear reducers respectively. Each of the planetary gear reducers is a single-stage planetary gear reducer. A sun gear of each of the planetary gear reducers receives power outputted by each of the hub motor. Two planetary gear reducer housings are power output ends connected to two rims respectively.

Abstract: A multi-environment integrative thermal management method for a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The method can ensure the accuracy and the stability of the control for a temperature of a fuel cell system of the fuel cell vehicle in a complicated and changeable environment, decrease the energy consumption of the entire vehicle, and increase the economical efficiency of the entire vehicle.

Abstract: A multi-environment integrative thermal management method for a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The method can ensure the accuracy and the stability of the control for a temperature of a fuel cell system of the fuel cell vehicle in a complicated and changeable environment, decrease the energy consumption of the entire vehicle, and increase the economical efficiency of the entire vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed are a gas sampling system and a gas sampling method for a fuel cell, a current density distribution estimation method for the fuel cell, a calibration method and a calibration device for an internal state model for the fuel cell, and a computer equipment. The gas sampling method for a fuel cell includes arranging a plurality of sampling pipelines and a plurality of sampling points, the plurality of sampling points being arranged at a cathode inlet, an anode outlet, an anode inlet, a cathode outlet, and in an anode flow channel, and a cathode flow channel of the fuel cell, the sampling points arranged in the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel being located in central regions of cross sections of the flow channels, and the sampling pipelines being connected to the plurality of sampling points, respectively, and configured to guide gas inside the fuel cell out.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fuel cell stack, a bipolar plate, and a gas diffusion layer. The fuel cell stack includes a plurality of first graphite bipolar plates, a plurality of second graphite bipolar plates, and a plurality of reacting units arranged in sequence. The first graphite bipolar plate includes an air flow channel, a hydrogen gas flow channel, and a cooling flow channel. At least one second graphite bipolar plate is disposed between two adjacent first graphite bipolar plates. The second graphite bipolar plate includes an air flow channel and a hydrogen gas flow channel. A reacting unit is disposed between any two adjacent bipolar plates.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing degradation of a fuel cell stack, including: S10, qualitatively determining a degradation type of the fuel cell stack according to a voltage-current curve of the fuel cell stack; S20, quantitatively measuring parameter values of each of individual cells of the fuel cell stack according to the degradation type, and quantitatively determining a degradation degree of each of the individual cells according to the parameter values; S30, determining a uniformity degradation degree among the individual cells of the fuel cell stack according to a non-uniformity degree of a voltage distribution of the individual cells. By qualitatively determining the degradation type of the fuel cell stack, the degradation condition of the entire fuel cell stack may be obtained.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fuel cell bipolar plate including a substrate. A surface of the substrate defines a first flow channel and a second flow channel adjacent to the first flow channel. A rib is formed between the first flow channel and the second flow channel. A top surface of the rib defines a groove or a second bore. One or both of the first flow channel and the second flow channel is in fluid communication with the groove or the second bore.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electric wheel assembly applicable for a parallelly mounted dual-tire wheel, an axle, and a vehicle. The electric wheel assembly includes a wheel and support axle assembly, an internal-rotor hub motor, a planetary gear reducer and a brake system. A planetary carrier is connected to a hub. The hub is connected to a spoke and a rim. The wheel support axle passes through a rotor sleeve and is provided with a hub bearing to support the hub and a whole wheel. A sun gear disposed at an end of the rotor sleeve of the internal-rotor hub motor is a power input of the planetary gear speed reducer, and the planetary carrier is a power output. A planetary gear of the planetary gear reducer is a tower-shaped gear and realizes a relatively high transmission ratio under a condition that an axial length is relatively small.

Abstract: A low-floor electric axle assembly including: an axle housing, hub motors, planetary gear reducers, hubs, a brake system, C-shaped beams, and a suspension system. Mechanical mounting of the suspension system is compatible with a conventional axle, and arrangement manners of the brake system, the hub motors, and the planetary gear reducers are capable of expanding a width of a coach aisle. Each of the hub motors is arranged coaxially with a rim; a first-stage cylindrical gear drive, bevel gear drive, or hypoid gear drive is removed; an unconventional-structure planetary gear reducer is provided to ensure a high transmission ratio and transmission efficiency; the brake system is arranged at two ends of the axle and at inner sides of the motors, thereby making full use of space at the two ends of the axle, and forming the low-floor electric axle assembly.

Abstract: A charging apparatus includes a heat exchange pipeline, and a refrigerant liquid output pipe and a refrigerant liquid input pipe, which are connected to the heat exchange pipe. The charging apparatus can ensure a vehicle battery can be charged at an optimal temperature range, thereby reducing a charging time of the charging apparatus.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for making a reference electrode and a lithium ion battery having the reference electrode. The reference electrode obtained has a long service life, moreover, the manufacturing process is simple and can meet the industrial production requirements, making the production and the application of the lithium-ion battery with the reference electrode possible.

Abstract: An integrated DC/DC converter includes a first DC/DC converter, a second DC/DC converter, a first voltage sensor, a second voltage sensor, a first current sensor, a second current sensor, a third current sensor, and a controller. The first DC/DC converter has an input end and an output end. The input end of the first DC/DC converter is to be electrically connected to an output end of an electrochemical energy storage apparatus. The output end of the first DC/DC converter is to be electrically connected to an input end of an electrical load. The second DC/DC converter connects the first DC/DC converter in parallel.

Abstract: An integrated DC/DC converter includes a first DC/DC converter, a second DC/DC converter, a first voltage sensor, a second voltage sensor, a first current sensor, a second current sensor, a third current sensor, and a controller. The first DC/DC converter has an input end and an output end. The input end of the first DC/DC converter is to be electrically connected to an output end of an electrochemical energy storage apparatus. The output end of the first DC/DC converter is to be electrically connected to an input end of an electrical load. The second DC/DC converter connects the first DC/DC converter in parallel.