Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide for a transmission method and a related communication apparatus. In the method, a communication device determines a maximum quantity of repetitions allowed when data is transmitted by using a transport block over multiple slots (TBoMS), N1, and performs a repeated transmission of the data based on N1. In the method, N1, N2, and N meet a preset condition, N1?1, N1 is an integer, N2 indicates a quantity of slots occupied by one transport block (TB) when data is transmitted by using the TBoMS, N2?2, N2 is an integer, N is a preset value, and N is a positive integer.

Abstract: The subject matter described herein relates to potent monoclonal and bispecific antibodies capable of neutralizing a SARS-CoV-2 viruses and methods of generating the antibodies.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular, to individually addressed traffic indication methods and apparatuses applicable to multiple links, for example, in a wireless local area network supporting an 802.11be standard. In an example method, a first access point (AP) of a first access point multi-link device (AP MLD) generates and sends individually addressed traffic indication information. The individually addressed traffic indication information is used to indicate whether a non-AP MLD associated with the first AP MLD has a downlink individually addressed traffic and whether a non-AP MLD associated with a second AP MLD has a downlink individually addressed traffic. The second AP MLD is an AP MLD to which a non-transmitted AP belongs. The non-transmitted AP is in a multiple basic service set identifier (BSSID) set in which the first AP is located.

Abstract: A trigger based null data packet transmission method and a related apparatus are provided, which relate to wireless communication, and are applied to a wireless local area network supporting an 802.11be standard. The method includes: receiving, by an EHT station, an NFRP trigger frame; determining whether a resource for scheduling the EHT station is in an EHT modulation bandwidth or an HE modulation bandwidth based on information in the NFRP trigger frame; and sending an EHT TB NDP if the resource is in the EHT modulation bandwidth; or sending an HE TB NDP if the resource is in the HE modulation bandwidth, where the NFRP trigger frame includes a first user information field, and is used to schedule the EHT station to send the HE TB NDP in the HE modulation bandwidth and send the EHT TB NDP in the EHT modulation bandwidth.

Abstract: An example bandwidth determining method, including: a first device receives a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) from a second device, where the PPDU comprises a scrambling sequence and a service field, and a first group of bits in the scrambling sequence and a second group of bits in the service field indicate at least one candidate bandwidth. Then, in response to detecting a check error occurs in the second group of bits, the first device determines a bandwidth for communication between the first device and the second device based on the first group of bits.

Abstract: A method includes: An access point generates an NDPA frame, where the NDPA frame includes a station information field, and the station information field includes an AID subfield indicating an association identifier AID of a station; the station information field further includes a partial bandwidth information subfield; the partial bandwidth information subfield indicates an RU that is in a bandwidth corresponding to the NDPA frame and for which the station needs to feed back channel state information; and the bandwidth corresponding to the NDPA frame is greater than 160 MHz. The access point transmits the NDPA frame.

Abstract: This application provides a resource unit combination indication method and a communications apparatus. The method includes: determining a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU, where the PPDU includes a signal field, the signal field includes a resource unit allocation subfield and a combination indication corresponding to the resource unit allocation subfield, the resource unit allocation subfield indicates a plurality of resource units, and the combination indication indicates combination information of the plurality of resource units; and sending the PPDU. The method provided in this application can support one or more users in transmitting data by using a plurality of contiguous or discontiguous RUs, and indicate a combination status of the plurality of RUs to the user.

Abstract: In the technical solution provided in this application, a control subfield in a first message sent by a data receiver to a data transmitter includes one or more of the following fields: an EHT indication subfield, a number of spatial streams subfield, an EHT-MCS subfield, and an MSI subfield. One or more of the number of spatial streams subfield, the EHT-MCS subfield, and the MSI subfield meet the following conditions: A number of bits occupied by the MSI subfield is less than or equal to 2, a maximum number of spatial streams that can be indicated by the number of spatial streams subfield is greater than 8, and an MCS indicated by the EHT-MCS subfield includes one or more of the following: 4096-QAM, BPSK-DCM, and BPSK-DCM-DUP.

Abstract: This application provides a method for transmitting a PPDU and a communication apparatus. An AP sends a trigger frame to trigger at least one STA to transmit an uplink PPDU. After receiving the trigger frame, the at least one STA transmits respective uplink PPDUs. The uplink PPDU includes a data field and LTFs. The data field is carried on a distributed RU. The LTFs are carried on all subcarriers in a first transmission bandwidth. The first transmission bandwidth is a bandwidth occupied by a distributed RU that is allocated by the AP to the at least one STA for transmitting the uplink PPDU. Alternatively, the LTFs are carried on all subcarriers of a plurality of continuous RUs corresponding to the distributed RU.

Abstract: A method includes: A first device generates and sends a PPDU, where a first field in a signaling field of the PPDU is in a first value state that indicates that the PPDU carries vendor specific information, and the first value state is indicated by using one or more of the following states: any value state of a disregard bit, a non-default state of a validate bit, a disregard state, and a validate state.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus, and relates to the field of communication technologies. The method includes: An AP generates a trigger frame, where the trigger frame includes a first user information field, a part or all of a frequency domain resource indicated by a resource unit allocation subfield in a fourth user information field before the first user information field is located on a primary 160 MHz channel, and a part or all of a frequency domain resource indicated by a resource unit allocation subfield in a fourth user information field after the first user information field is located on a secondary 160 MHz channel. Then, the AP sends the trigger frame.

Abstract: This application provides a method and an apparatus for sensing measurement. In a technical solution of this application, a transmit end of data may send an indication frame to a receive end of the data, where the indication frame may indicate a spatial mapping matrix used by the transmit end of the data to send the data to the receive end of the data. In this way, the receive end of the data can eliminate impact of spatial mapping on channel state information based on the spatial mapping matrix, to obtain actual channel state information, thereby completing sensing, positioning, and the like on an ambient environment or a passive target by using the obtained actual channel state information.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application relate to the field of wireless communication technologies, and disclose a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: generating a PPDU, where the PPDU has one or more discrete resource units, the discrete resource unit includes a plurality of sub-resource units, the plurality of sub-resource units include a plurality of discontiguous sub-resource units in an unpunctured sub-channel in a first channel, and/or the plurality of sub-resource units include a plurality of sub-resource units in a plurality of unpunctured sub-channels in the first channel; the sub-channel includes a plurality of resource units RUs, and the sub-resource unit includes some or all subcarriers in one RU; and the first channel includes a plurality of sub-channels; and sending the PPDU. The solutions in this application are used in a wireless local area network system supporting a next-generation Wi-Fi EHT protocol of the IEEE 802.11.

Abstract: A super-resolution X-ray shadowgraph system includes an X-ray source, a sample stage, an X-ray detector and an image reconstruction device, which are arranged in sequence. Geometric centers of the X-ray source, the sample stage and the X-ray detector are collinear. The geometric center of the sample stage is provided with a through hole for placing a testing sample, the X-ray source is used for providing X-rays, and the X-rays penetrate the sample stage to form an image on the X-ray detector. The image reconstruction device is used for acquiring the image and performing an image reconstruction on the image to obtain a new image. The shadowgraph system and the imaging method therefor can overcome a deficiency of a lower resolution of the image limited by a size of the source, thereafter obtaining a clear shadowgraph with a high resolution.

Abstract: In a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configuration method, a network device sends first scheduling information to a terminal device. The terminal device determines, based on the first scheduling information, whether a transmission of a first time unit meets a condition of having the same transmit power, same precoding, same antenna port, or a same frequency domain resource as the transmission of a second time unit. The second time unit is before the first time unit and has a transmission direction that is the same as a transmission direction in the in the first time unit, and no transmission in an opposite direction exists between the second time unit and the first time unit. When the first time unit meets the above condition, the terminal device sends uplink data in the first time unit and the second time unit, or receiving downlink data in the first time unit and the second time unit.

Abstract: The embodiments of the application provides a resource allocation method. In an example method, a trigger frame is sent by an access point to a station. The trigger frame includes one user information field, and the user information field may indicate a plurality of resource units allocated to the station.

Abstract: This application provides a bandwidth indication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: generating, by a communication apparatus, a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), wherein the PPDU comprises a universal signal (U-SIG) field and an extremely high throughput-signal (EHT-SIG) field, wherein a transmission bandwidth of the PPDU is used for non-orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmission, wherein the U-SIG field indicates a number of EHT-SIG Symbols, wherein the EHT-SIG field comprises a field indicating a number of multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) users; and sending, by the communication apparatus, the PPDU to a station.

Abstract: In an information transmission method, a receiving device receives a data frame from a sending device. The data frame occupies a transmission resource block, and includes RU allocation information. The receiving device determines indication information based on a location of a 160 MHz channel with more data tones of the transmission resource block and a resource block size indicated by the RU allocation information. The receiving device then determines a response resource block based on the indication information and the RU allocation information, and sends an acknowledgment frame for the data frame to the sending device on the response resource block.

Abstract: A method includes: A first device sends a block acknowledgment request frame to a second device. The block acknowledgment request frame is used to request the second device to send a block acknowledgment frame. The block acknowledgment frame indicates a receiving status of an access control layer protocol data unit in first transmission. The first transmission is suspended at a first moment, and the first moment is earlier than a transmission end moment when the first transmission is not suspended. The first device receives the block acknowledgment frame. The first device starts, at a second moment, to perform second transmission.

Abstract: Provided is a field space data normalization processing method applicable to GBP algorithm, including the steps of: performing vector matrix transformation, by inputting first vector data and transforming it into a first matrix expression; performing first matrix transformation, by transforming the first matrix expression into a second matrix expression; providing a means of normalization; performing normalization and third matrix transformation, by performing data normalization and transformation on the second matrix expression to obtain a third matrix expression; transforming a third matrix and outputting second vector data, by transforming the third matrix expression into a fourth matrix expression and then transforming it into second vector data and outputting it. Therefore, normalization of camera pose data in SLAM is achieved.