Abstract: A bearing and a sealing device. The sealing device includes: a skeleton; and a sealing part, which, taken as a whole, is of an annular structure, the sealing part comprising an elastic part and a plastic part, and the elastic part being fixed to the skeleton. After the sealing device is arranged between a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, the plastic part and the bearing inner ring form contact sealing, the elastic part and the plastic part are relatively fixed, and in the radial direction, at least part of the plastic part is arranged between the bearing inner ring and the elastic part. The coefficient of friction of the material of the plastic part is smaller than the coefficient of friction of the material of the elastic part.

Abstract: Non-interpolatable classification of rocks in a region as defined by rock classification maps may be digitized to generate gridded index map. For rock classification maps stored as raster images, image treatment may be applied to generate the gridded index map. The gridded index map may be associated with lithology values using a rock-lithology library, and the lithology values may be used to generate a lithologic representation of the region. Such conversion of rock classification maps for modeling the region may improve input lithologic data accuracy and consistency, while enhancing the efficiency of lithologic modeling (e.g., for basin modeling).

Abstract: Basin-wide modeling is utilized to improve confidence of source rock presence and quality estimation. A 4D basin model incorporates geological model, geochemical models, and resettlement model for a region. Utilizing the 4D basin model provides consistency of internal data, geology-constrained basin-wide calculations, capability to capture local controls to allow basin-specific interpretations, reduction of reliance on empirical relationships, and capability to investigate source rock development through time.

Abstract: Non-interpolatable classification of rocks in a region as defined by rock classification maps may be digitized to generate gridded index map. For rock classification maps stored as raster images, image treatment may be applied to generate the gridded index map. The gridded index map may be associated with lithology values using a rock-lithology library, and the lithology values may be used to generate a lithologic representation of the region. Such conversion of rock classification maps for modeling the region may improve input lithologic data accuracy and consistency, while enhancing the efficiency of lithologic modeling (e.g., for basin modeling).

Abstract: A method of modeling a salt history for a geologic region containing a salt formation includes defining initial geometry of salt volume and sediment volume in three dimensions, changing geometry of the salt top and maintain the geometries of a top of the sediment and a base of the salt formation for a plurality of time steps, and for each change of geometry, conserving a volume of salt and a volume of sediment. The method includes initially constraining a geometry of the base of the salt during the changing geometry of the salt and sediment volumes, modeling geological activity in the geologic region and modifying the base of the salt formation during a time of the time steps, and modifying the volumes in accordance with the modeled geological activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of decreasing program disturb in memory cells, comprising: finding an initial programming condition that ensure programming memory cell normally; selecting one parameter from the initial programming condition as a variable for the program disturb test; performing the program disturb test to the memory cell for at least two values of the variable; obtaining a programming condition with minimum program disturb based on the result of the program disturb test; and applying the programming condition with minimum program disturb as the programming condition for memory cell. The method according to the present invention can minimize the program disturb for the memory cell and can be performed easily.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for decreasing program disturb in memory cells, comprising: finding an initial programming condition that ensures programming memory cell normally; selecting two parameters from the initial programming condition as variables for a program disturb test; performing the program disturb test to the memory cell for at least two combined values of the variables; obtaining a programming condition with minimum program disturb based on the result of the program disturb test; and applying the programming condition with minimum program disturb as the programming condition for memory cell. The method according to the present invention can minimize the program disturb in memory cells and can be performed easily.

Abstract: An integrated system for management, visualization and analysis of geophysical and geological data includes an input module, to accept data pertaining to a geological region, modeling modules to model physical, geophysical and/or geological properties of the geological region based on the data, an interface module, operable to input parameters and to select portions of the input data for use by the modeling modules, and a data management module, to receive data from the input module and provide data to the modeling modules. When a change in data is received by the input module or a change in parameters received by the interface module, the data management module invokes the modeling modules for re-processing in accordance therewith. A display module creates graphical displays based on the modeled properties of the geological region and updates the graphical displays in accordance with the re-processing.

Abstract: A method of modeling a salt history for a geologic region containing a salt formation includes defining initial geometry of salt volume and sediment volume in three dimensions, changing geometry of the salt top and maintain the geometries of a top of the sediment and a base of the salt formation for a plurality of time steps, and for each change of geometry, conserving a volume of salt and a volume of sediment. The method includes initially constraining a geometry of the base of the salt during the changing geometry of the salt and sediment volumes, modeling geological activity in the geologic region and modifying the base of the salt formation during a time of the time steps, and modifying the volumes in accordance with the modeled geological activity.

Abstract: A method of stochastically modeling a plurality of litho-facies within a formation includes defining a fades classification for each of a top and a base of the formation, dividing the formation into a plurality of layers, and interpolating classifications for each of the plurality of layers, based on the defined facies classification for the top and the base, wherein the interpolating includes a random variation component.

Abstract: A method of rendering three dimensional visualizations of two dimensional geophysical data includes converting each of a plurality of two dimensional data sets into a respective two dimensional image using two dimensional geological modeling and displaying the two dimensional images in a three dimensional space, the two dimensional images being located within the three dimensional space based on spatial relationships between locations from which the two dimensional data sets originate. An embodiment includes a system for performing the method.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for decreasing program disturb in memory cells, comprising: finding an initial programming condition that ensures programming memory cell normally; selecting two parameters from the initial programming condition as variables for a program disturb test; performing the program disturb test to the memory cell for at least two combined values of the variables; obtaining a programming condition with minimum program disturb based on the result of the program disturb test; and applying the programming condition with minimum program disturb as the programming condition for memory cell. The method according to the present invention can minimize the program disturb in memory cells and can be performed easily.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of decreasing program disturb in memory cells, comprising: finding an initial programming condition that ensure programming memory cell normally; selecting one parameter from the initial programming condition as a variable for the program disturb test; performing the program disturb test to the memory cell for at least two values of the variable; obtaining a programming condition with minimum program disturb based on the result of the program disturb test; and applying the programming condition with minimum program disturb as the programming condition for memory cell. The method according to the present invention can minimize the program disturb for the memory cell and can be performed easily.