Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing memory are provided. The method for managing memory includes: while a virtual machine is running, receiving, by a virtual machine memory management module, a memory allocation request sent by a user process in the virtual machine; sending, by the virtual machine memory management module according to the memory allocation request sent by the user process, the memory allocation request to a virtual PCIe device in a virtual machine manager to enable the virtual PCIe device to request memory from a host memory management module; and acquiring, by the virtual machine memory management module via the virtual PCIe device, a memory space allocated by the host memory management module and configuring the memory space to the user process. The method for managing memory can improve the efficiency of memory utilization.

Abstract: In one example a pulse measurement system, comprises at least one sensor positioned to collect pulse information at three separate locations along a body segment, a controller communicatively coupled to the at least one sensor to receive the pulse information from the at least one sensor, and a display coupled to the controller to present at least one characteristic of the pulse information detected at the three separate locations. Other examples may be described.

Abstract: The invention proposes a method of peer-to-peer instant messaging and the mobile terminal thereof, which could make the mobile terminal to establish and maintain a list of friend users and update the connection status of the friend users timely. The method of peer-to-peer instant messaging includes following steps: receiving the list of on-line users with capability of peer-to-peer instant messaging sent by the radio network (S260); comparing said list of particular users with said received list of on-line users (S270); updating, according to said comparison result, the connection status record of each user in said list of particular users (S280) so that the mobile terminal could establish a peer-to-peer instant messaging with at least one user mobile terminal in said list of particular users according to said updated connection status record. The present invention enables the user to establish peer-to-peer connection more effectively and to perform instant messaging while occupying less network resources.

Abstract: A method for maintaining uplink synchronization in P2P (Peer to Peer) communication, performed by a user equipment in wireless communication systems, comprising: negotiating with a wireless communication network system about the schedule and parameters for controlling the uplink synchronization of the user equipment by the procedure of establishing P2P direct link; transmitting testing signals to the network system via a customized uplink channel according to the negotiated parameters; receiving the control information transmitted via a customized downlink channel from the network system according to the negotiated schedule; and maintaining uplink synchronization of the user equipment in P2P communication according to the control information.

Abstract: The invention proposes a method of peer-to-peer instant messaging and the mobile terminal thereof, which could make the mobile terminal to establish and maintain a list of friend users and update the connection status of the friend users timely. The method of peer-to-peer instant messaging includes following steps: receiving the list of on-line users with capability of peer-to-peer instant messaging sent by the radio network (S260); comparing said list of particular users with said received list of on-line users (S270); updating, according to said comparison result, the connection status record of each user in said list of particular users (S280) so that the mobile terminal could establish a peer-to-peer instant messaging with at least one user mobile terminal in said list of particular users according to said updated connection status record. The present invention enables the user to establish peer-to-peer connection more effectively and to perform instant messaging while occupying less network resources.

Abstract: A method is proposed for maintaining uplink synchronization with P2P communication in wireless communication networks, comprising steps of: the wireless communication system overhears the P2P communication between two UEs (user equipments), determines the SS (synchronization shift) information of said UEs according to the overheard information transferred by each UE in P2P communication, and transmits the SS information to the corresponding UE via the downlink common control channel; the UE monitors the downlink common control channel, and adjusts the TA (timing advance) for transmitting signals according to the SS information transferred via the downlink common control channel.

Abstract: A method in wireless communication systems is provided for switching from P2P (Peer to Peer) communication mode to UP-UTRAN-DOWN (conventional communication mode) and from conventional communication mode to P2P mode, wherein the method performed by a user equipment for switching from P2P communication mode to conventional communication mode comprising steps of: detecting the direct link used by the user equipment in P2P communication with the other user equipment; sending a request for switching to conventional communication mode to a wireless communication network system if the detecting result indicates that the communication quality of the direct link can't satisfy the requirement for P2P communication; and establishing conventional communication connection so as to communicate with said the other user equipment in conventional mode, after receiving the acknowledge (ACK) message of the request for switching sent by the network system.

Abstract: A wireless communication system, comprises a plurality of transceivers, receiving and transmitting RF signals (40); a plurality of RF processing units (60), processing said received signals or signals to be transmitted by said transceivers; RF resources allocator, detecting (90) information contained in received signals from a uplink on the types of different wireless communication schemes which are requested to access, and allocating (80) RF resources shared by said different wireless communications schemes according to said detected information.

Abstract: A method for RF resource management in multi-standard wireless communication system, comprises: adding a system type identification element in downlink information; allocating RF resources among different wireless communication schemes; and corresponding the different wireless communication schemes which have been allocated said RF resources to different values of said system type identification element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an adaptive step size method for power control in wireless communication systems and a system for the same. The method includes the steps: obtaining the power control information whose number is previously set in previous power control cycle and that in current power control cycle; Determining the power control step size in current power control cycle according to the obtained power control information whose number is previously set in previous power control cycle and that in current power control cycle. Employing the method to determine a suitable step size in current PC cycle, we can overcome the defect that the change of the PC step size in current wireless communication system is a fixed value, thereby make the power change more smooth, and ensure that wireless communication holds better communication quality.

Abstract: A method is proposed for maintaining uplink synchronization with P2P communication in wireless communication networks, comprising steps of: the wireless communication system overhears the P2P communication between two UEs (user equipments), determines the SS (synchronization shift) information of said UEs according to the overheard information transferred by each UE in P2P communication, and transmits the SS information to the corresponding UE via the downlink common control channel; the UE monitors the downlink common control channel, and adjusts the TA (timing advance) for transmitting signals according to the SS information transferred via the downlink common control channel.

Abstract: A method is provided for establishing P2P radio connection in wireless communication networks, comprising: the user equipment, as the link probing originator, transmits link probing signals via the allocated direct communication link to another user equipment as the link probing responder, according to the initial probing power provided by the wireless communication system; said another user equipment transmits the ACK message to the link probing originator via the direct communication link when receiving the link probing signals and said link probing signals meet the basic requirement for direct communication; the user equipment, as the link probing originator, monitors the direct communication link, and communicates directly with the link probing responder via the direct communication link after detecting the ACK message from the link probing responder.

Abstract: A method for establishing P2P (peer-to-peer) communication in wireless communication networks, comprising steps of: determining whether two user equipments (caller and call) are in the same cell, and computing whether the distance between the two user equipments (UEs) meets the requirement for P2P communication according to the registry information and position information of the caller and the callee; determining whether the two UEs both have P2P communication capability according to the information of the wireless communication system indicating whether the two UEs both have P2P communication capability, when the two UEs are in the same cell and the distance between the two UEs meets the requirement for P2P communication; and allocating direct communication link for the two UEs to start communication when the two UEs both have P2P communication capability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless communication network system that maintains uplink control for the mobile terminal in peer-to-peer communication. According to one embodiment of the invention, after determining a reliable direct communication link can be set up between the mobile terminals, the network system transmits information including control commands to the mobile terminals for establishing direct communication. The information includes a burst structure type, with the burst structure containing at least one section for carrying control information intended for the network system. After the direct communication is established, the network system continuously listens to signals communicated between the mobile terminals to receive bursts. The network system demodulates received bursts that are communicated between the two mobile terminals to determine whether a received burst contains control information intended for the network system.

Abstract: Telecommunication systems for providing telecommunication services via communication channels (50) with time-frame structures having at least two flexible timeslots which are (re)allocatable to an uplink or a downlink can be made more practical by introducing at least one fixed (non-(re)allocatable) uplink timeslot, at least one fixed (non-(re)allocatable) downlink timeslot, and by introducing according to a basic idea in said flexible timeslots a first number of timeslots with an uplink priority and a second number of timeslots with a downlink priority. Said at least one fixed uplink timeslot can be one fixed uplink timeslot, said at least one fixed downlink timeslot can be one fixed downlink timeslot, with said first and second number of timeslots coinciding, and with one kind of priority increasing and with the other kind of priority decreasing per timeslot.

Abstract: Systems (1) for allocating channels to calls by firstly searching its own cluster of channels and then searching subsequent clusters of channels until a free channel has been found are provided with updating options for updating cluster priorities in dependence of searching results. These systems (1) have integrated the updating and the call handling, which improves the efficiency of the self-organizing capabilities compared to separated updating and call handling. Said updating may comprise the increasing of a cluster priority for a cluster comprising an available channel and the decreasing of a cluster priority for a cluster not comprising an available channel. An original cluster may correspond with a cell receiving a request for allocating a channel to a call, and a subsequent cluster or borrowed cluster may then correspond with a neighboring cell. Said updating may be done for borrowed clusters and may not be done for original clusters.

Abstract: R-enantiomer of Bambuterol, its preparation and therapeutic uses are disclosed. A composition includes R-Bambuterol or its therapeutically acceptable salt. A composition of R-Bambuterol includes at least 80% by weight of the R-enantiomer and not more than 20% by weight of the S-enantiomer based on a total weight of the Bmbuterol. A process includes: (a) asymmetrically reducing a suitably substituted and suitably protected bromoacetophenone compound to a chiral phenyl-bromoethanol comprising a primary bromo group and a secondary hydroxyl group; (b) displacing the bromo group by a suitably substituted and optionally protected primary amine to produce a protected chiral phenylethanolamine, and (c) removing the protecting groups to convert the protected chiral phenylethanolamine to a chiral phenylethanolamine.

Abstract: Telecommunication systems comprising base stations (1) and mobile terminals (11) generate channelization codes like Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor codes or OVSF codes defining channels used for communication between base stations (1) and mobile terminals (11) and calculate cost functions for these channelization codes. The base stations (1) are provided with transferors (7) for transferring ongoing calls from first channels defined by first channelization codes to second channels defined by second channelization codes in dependence of calculated cost functions, to be able to treat ongoing calls dynamically, by allocating channels dynamically to ongoing calls. Said transferring is realized via transferring messages. Preferably a low complex cost function is a function of a sum of products of an occupation parameter and a data rate for at least a specific level and divided by a data rate for a neighboring level, to reduce the processing capacity.