Abstract: The present invention is directed to a redox-active, conducting polymer energy storage system, said system including an electrode and a counter electrode, wherein the electrode comprises a first conducting polymer and the counter electrode comprises a second conducting polymer, wherein the first conducting polymer is doped by at least one or more first redox-active compounds and/or by a polymer and/or a co-polymer of the one or more first redox-active compounds and the second conducting polymer is doped by at least one or more second redox-active compounds and/or by a polymer and/or a co-polymer of the one or more second redox-active compounds, and wherein there is a potential difference between the dopant for the electrode and the dopant for the counter electrode. In one preferred embodiment, the first or the second redox-active compound is 2,2?-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS).

Abstract: A non-leaching mediator may include a compound having the general formula (I): and salts thereof, where n is about 9, and X is a halogen; a compound having the general formula (II): and salts thereof, where n is about 9, and X is a halogen; and/or a compound, having the general formula (III): and salts thereof, where n is about 8, and X is a halogen.

Abstract: An analyte sensor is provided that comprises a substrate which includes a semiconductor material. Embodiments may include a core of a conductive material, and a cladding of a semiconductor material, in which the cladding may form at least a portion of a conducting path for a working electrode of the analyte sensor. Method of manufacturing and using the analyte sensor are described, as are numerous other aspects.

Abstract: The present invention provides a monomer comprising the structure: wherein R1 and/or R1? are selected from the group consisting of MeO, EtO, COF3, SO4H, SO3?, SO3H, H, CHNO4S2F3, C5H4N2O6S2F6, C10H10N4S2, CH3, n-Bu, Cl, NH2, EtN, Br, alkyl, ether, ester, sulfonate, ammonium, carboxylate, phosphonate and any combination thereof, R2 and/or R2?, are selected from the group consisting of EtO, SO3H, H, C10H10N4S2, CH3, Cl, C6H14N2S and any combination thereof, R3 and/or R3? are selected from the group consisting of CH3, Cl, H and any combination thereof, and R4 and/or R4? are selected from the group consisting of CH3, H, C2H5, C4H9, C6H5, C8H17, C2H5S, C3H7S, C4H8Br, C10H23N, C20H21N2, C18H25N2, C21H23N2, C31H29N2O2, C22H25N4, C20H25N2, C3H7OS, and any combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a monomer comprising the structure: wherein R1 and/or R1? are selected from the group consisting of MeO, EtO, COF3, SO4H, SO3?, SO3H, H, CHNO4S2F3, C5H4N2O6S2F6, C10H10N4S2, CH3, n-Bu, Cl, NH2, EtN, Br, alkyl, ether, ester, sulfonate, ammonium, carboxylate, phosphonate and any combination thereof, R2 and/or R2?, are selected from the group consisting of EtO, SO3H, H, C10H10N4S2, CH3, Cl, C6H14N2S and any combination thereof, R3 and/or R3? are selected from the group consisting of CH3, Cl, H and any combination thereof, and R4 and/or R4? are selected from the group consisting of CH3, H, C2H5, C4H9, C6H5, C8H17, C2H5S, C3H7S, C4H8Br, C10H23N, C20H21N2, C18H25N2, C21H23N2, C31H29N2O2, C22H25N4, C20H25N2, C3H7OS, and any combination thereof.