Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a first inverter, a first transmission gate, and a second inverter constructed with wide type-one transistors and wide type-two transistors. The integrated circuit also includes a first clocked inverter and a second clocked inverter constructed with narrow type-one transistors and narrow type-two transistors. A master latch is formed with the first inverter and the first clocked inverter. A slave latch is formed with the second inverter and the second clocked inverter. The first transmission gate is coupled between the master latch and the slave latch. The wide type-one transistors are formed in a wide type-one active-region structure and the narrow type-one transistors are formed in a narrow type-one active-region structure. The wide type-two transistors are formed in a wide type-two active-region structure and the narrow type-two transistors are formed in in a narrow type-two active-region structure.

Abstract: A method and a system for transmitting a live media stream to a plurality of nodes under a multicast tree in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks are provided. First, the reliability of each node is calculated according to a number of child nodes that can be supported by the node and an accumulated on-line time of the node. According to the number of child nodes and the reliability of each node, the nodes are rearranged in a database to establish an ideal reliable multicast tree. Finally, according to the reliability of each node, a location of each node in the multicast tree is practically adapted in sequence in a descending order, and a relative delay between nodes is weighted and compared, so a level difference between the adapted level of the node in the multicast tree and the level of the node in the ideal reliable multicast tree is the smallest.

Abstract: A method and a system for transmitting a live media stream to a plurality of nodes under a multicast tree in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks are provided. First, the reliability of each node is calculated according to a number of child nodes that can be supported by the node and an accumulated on-line time of the node. According to the number of child nodes and the reliability of each node, the nodes are rearranged in a database to establish an ideal reliable multicast tree. Finally, according to the reliability of each node, a location of each node in the multicast tree is practically adapted in sequence in a descending order, and a relative delay between nodes is weighted and compared, so a level difference between the adapted level of the node in the multicast tree and the level of the node in the ideal reliable multicast tree is the smallest.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) including a light generation region situated on a light-absorbing substrate also includes a thick transparent layer which ensures that an increased amount of light is emitted from the sides of the LED and only a minimum amount of light is absorbed by the substrate. The thickness of the transparent layer is determined as a function of its width and the critical angle at which light is internally reflected within the transparent layer. The thick transparent layer is located either above, below or both above and below the light generation region. The thick transparent layer may be made of materials and with fabrication processes different from the light generation region.

Abstract: An insert strip which is detachably insertable into a receiver strip so as to form a plate shelf to retain the side walls of the plate glass panels of a lampshade. A lower support which has a retainer ridge which conforms to the shape of the lower wall of the plate glass panel and retains the plate glass panel therein. The lower support also has a catch on either end thereof which fits into and is retained by catch holes on an injection plate. The injection plate also has an insert strip cavity and retainer walls which retain the insert strip and the receiver strip, respectively.

Abstract: A combined cigarette and chart/map lighter includes a elongated plug body which is adapted to cooperate with a socket connected to a source of electrical energy. An ignitor coil and cup are formed at a first end of the plug body, and a lamp socket, for receipt of a light bulb, is disposed interiorly of the plug body at a central portion of the plug body. A removable cap is formed at the second end of the plug body. A leaf spring electrical contact is provided within the plug body and is biased into engagement with a ground formed by the interior shell of the plug body. A cam follower is formed at the end of the leaf spring contact. A plastic generally U-shaped reciprocal element has linear cams formed at the free ends of each of the legs of the U, the linear cams capable of engaging the leaf spring cam follower and moving the leaf spring out of contact with the ground.