Abstract: Provided herein are methods for the concurrent treatment of pain and depression in a patient based, at least in part, on the discovery that the comorbid interaction between pain and depression can be treated by regulating two opposing pathways of tryptophan metabolism.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing patient-controlled medication delivery is presented. The apparatus includes a medication storage subsystem, an interval timer, a patient verification system coupled to the medication storage subsystem, and a delivery subsystem which delivers one of the prescribed amounts of medication if the interval timer has reached an end of a predetermined time interval and the patient verification system verifies an identity of the patient. The method for providing patient-controlled medication delivery includes verifying an identification of an intended patient and providing a first prescribed amount of a medication for the intended patient, wherein the intended patient determines a time to start taking the prescribed amount of the medication. The method further includes waiting a predetermined time interval, again verifying the identification of the intended patient and providing another prescribed amount of the medication for the intended patient.

Abstract: The analgesic effectiveness of a combination drug containing at least one analgesic is significantly enhanced by the addition of a nontoxic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist thereto.

Abstract: The analgesic effectiveness of a combination drug containing at least one analgesic is significantly enhanced by the addition of a nontoxic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist thereto.

Abstract: The analgesic effectiveness of a combination drug composition containing at least one analgesic is significantly enhanced by the addition of a nontoxic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist thereto.

Abstract: The analgesic effectiveness of an NSAID is significantly enhanced by administering the NSAID prior to, with or following the administration of an analgesia enhancer which is a nontoxic NMDA receptor blocker and/or a nontoxic substance that blocks at least one major intracellular consequence of NMDA receptor activation.

Abstract: Nontoxic substances that block the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, e.g., a morphinan such as dextromethorphan or dextrorphan, or that block a major intracellular consequence of NMDA receptor activation, e.g., a ganglioside such as GM.sub.1 or GT.sub.1b, a phenothiazine such as trifluoperazine or a naphthalenesulfonamide such as N-(6-aminohexyl) -5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide, inhibit the development of tolerance to and/or dependence on addictive drugs, e.g., narcotic analgesics such as morphine, codeine, etc.

Abstract: Nontoxic substances that block the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, e.g., a morphinan such as dextromethorphan or dextrorphan, or that block a major intracellular consequence of NMDA-receptor activation, e.g., a ganglioside such as GM.sub.1 or GT.sub.1b, a phenothiazine such as trifluoperazine or a naphthalenesulfonamide such as N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide, inhibit the development of tolerance to and/or dependence on addictive drugs, e.g., narcotic analgesics such as morphine, codeine, etc.

Abstract: A method of alleviating pain such as neuropathic pain or acute inflammatory pain is provided which comprises administering to a mammal that is either exhibiting pain or is about to be subjected to a pain-causing event a pain alleviating/pain suppressing amount of at least one nontoxic antagonist for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, e.g., dextrorphan, or metabolic precursor of such antagonist, e.g., dextromethorphan, or at least one nontoxic substance that blocks a major intracellular consequence of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation, e.g., a phenothiazine such as trifluoperazine.

Abstract: Chronic pain is alleviated in a mammal suffering therefrom by administering to the mammal a chronic pain alleviating amount of a nontoxic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist such as dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, ketamine or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, alone or in combination with a local anesthetic and optionally in sustained release dosage form.

Abstract: Nontoxic substances that block the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, e.g., a morphinan such as dextromethorphan or dextrorphan, or that block a major intracellular consequence of NMDA receptor activation, e.g., a ganglioside such as GM.sub.1 or GT.sub.1b, a phenothiazine such as trifluoperazine or a naphthalenesulfonamide such as N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide, inhibit the development of tolerance to and/or dependence on addictive drugs, e.g., narcotic analgesics such as morphine, codeine, etc.

Abstract: Nontoxic substances that block the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, e.g., a morphinan such as dextromethorphan or dextrorphan, or that block a major intracellular consequence of NMDA-receptor activation, e.g., a ganglioside such as GM1 or GT1b, a phenothiazine such as trifluoperazine or a naphthalenesulfonamide such as N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide, inhibit the development of tolerance to and/or dependence on addictive drugs, e.g., narcotic analgesics such as morphine, codeine, etc.