Abstract: The present invention provides compositions useful to induce immune response to human metapneumovirus. Also provided are related materials and methods, including methods to induce an immune response in a mammal, comprising administering the compositions herein.

Abstract: The present invention includes methyltransferase (MTase)-defective recombinant viruses as live vaccine candidates for human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3). Here the inventors provide the technical description for generating MTase-defective paramyxoviruses useful as immunogens, as well Cas related materials and methods.

Abstract: The inventors have successfully developed a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus which expresses the major capsid protein of human norovirus. Infection of mammalian cells with the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus resulted in production of high level of human norovirus virus-like particles. Importantly, the inventors further demonstrated that recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the major capsid protein of human norovirus displayed attenuated virulence in mice and elicited a high level of human norovirus-specific humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses in mice model. Therefore, norovirus-immunogenic compositions are herein provided, as are materials and methods useful to make and use the compositions.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for conversion of cellulose in an Ionic Liquid medium. The process is characterized in that a cellulose-containing feedstock and an Ionic Liquid are mixed at a temperature below 80 ° C. The mixture is heated to a conversion temperature in the range of 80 ° C. to 220 ° C. under a hydrogen atmosphere. The presence of hydrogen during the heating step significantly reduces the formation of degradation products.

Abstract: A formulation and method for removing viruses from fresh produce, including at least one surfactant, and a solvent. Preferably, the formulation also includes at least one sanitizer.

Abstract: The invention relates to an attenuated non-segmented negative-sense RNA virus characterized by at least one mutation in the L gene wherein the mutation reduces viral replication, the methods of manufacturing and methods of use.

Abstract: The invention relates to an attenuated non-segmented negative-sense RNA virus characterized by at least one mutation in the L gene wherein the mutation reduces viral replication, the methods of manufacturing and methods of use.

Abstract: The invention relates to an attenuated non-segmented negative-sense RNA virus characterized by at least one mutation in the L gene wherein the mutation reduces viral replication, the methods of manufacturing and methods of use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the systematic use of terminology and knowledge based technologies to enable high-throughput mapping between databases having different vocabularies. In particular embodiments, it may be used to map between a database having a phenotypic terminology descriptive of non-human animals and a database having a broad-coverage clinical (anthropocentric) terminology.