Abstract: After a first network device traces a clock of a second network device, when the first network device cannot trace the clock of the second network device, the first network device modifies a parameter value corresponding to a synchronization source selection parameter of the first network device to a first parameter value, where the first parameter value is superior to a parameter value corresponding to a synchronization source selection parameter of the second network device.

Abstract: A fault detection method, a network device, and a system are provided. The method includes: After a first network device receives, through a first forwarding path in an SR policy, a BFD packet that is sent by a second network device and that includes indication information of a SID list, the first network device determines, based on the indication information of the SID list, a second forwarding path that is reversely co-routed with the first forwarding path, and sends a response packet of the BFD packet to the second network device through the second forwarding path, so that the second network device can perform fault detection on the first forwarding path based on the response packet.

Abstract: A shift register, a drive method, a drive circuit, a display substrate, and a display device are provided. The shift register includes an input unit, a first control unit, a second control unit, an output unit, and a voltage stabilizing unit. The input unit is configured to provide a signal of a signal input end to a first node and a signal of a first power supply end to a second node. The first control unit is configured to control a signal of a fourth node. The second control unit is configured to provide a signal of a second power supply end to the first node. The output unit is configured to provide the signal of the first or the second power supply end to the output end. The voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the first node, fifth node, the output end, and the first power supply end.

Abstract: A packet processing method is disclosed. According to the method, a first network device receives a first packet sent by a second network device, where the first packet includes a first group identifier corresponding to a VPN on the second network device, a first source device corresponding to the first packet belongs to the VPN, and the first source device is connected to the second network device. The first network device obtains a second group identifier based on a destination address of the first packet, where the second group identifier corresponds to the VPN on a third network device, a first destination device corresponding to the destination address of the first packet belongs to the VPN, and the first destination device is connected to the third network device. The first network device processes the first packet based on the first group identifier and the second group identifier.

Abstract: A method includes a second system that determines a type of a first management Internet Protocol (IP) address, and sends, to a first system, first information used to indicate the type of the first management IP address; the first system determines the first management IP address based on the type of the first management IP address indicated by the first information, and releases a first correspondence between system identification information and the first management IP address to an advertisement system; the advertisement system sends the first correspondence to a network management system; and the network management system manages the first system based on the first correspondence.

Abstract: A shift register, a drive method, a drive circuit, a display substrate, and a display device are provided. The shift register includes an input unit, a first control unit, a second control unit, an output unit, and a voltage stabilizing unit. The input unit is configured to provide a signal of a signal input end to a first node and a signal of a first power supply end to a second node. The first control unit is configured to control a signal of a fourth node. The second control unit is configured to provide a signal of a second power supply end to the first node. The output unit is configured to provide the signal of the first or the second power supply end to the output end. The voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the first node, fifth node, the output end, and the first power supply end.

Abstract: A method includes a second system that determines a type of a first management Internet Protocol (IP) address, and sends, to a first system, first information used to indicate the type of the first management IP address; the first system determines the first management IP address based on the type of the first management IP address indicated by the first information, and releases a first correspondence between system identification information and the first management IP address to an advertisement system; the advertisement system sends the first correspondence to a network management system; and the network management system manages the first system based on the first correspondence.

Abstract: A routing entry obtaining method and apparatus applied to a network device and includes obtaining an identifier of an application program, a computing capability of a first apparatus running the application program, and a computing capability of a second apparatus running the application program; and obtaining a routing entry based on the identifier of the application program, the computing capability of the first apparatus, and the computing capability of the second apparatus, wherein the routing entry comprises the identifier of the application program and an egress port, where the egress port is capable of communicating with a target apparatus determined according to the computing capability of the first apparatus and the computing capability of the second apparatus.

Abstract: A communication method and an optical module are disclosed. In various embodiments the method includes generating, by an optical module, a first packet according to a service packet that passes through the optical module, wherein a source address of the first packet is the same as a source address of the service packet, and wherein a destination address of the first packet is the same as a destination address of the service packet; sending, the first packet in a transmission direction of the service packet; and receiving, a second packet sent by the network device, wherein the second packet indicates that the first transmission path from the optical module to the network device exists, and wherein the second packet instructs the optical module to communicate with a network management system by using the network device and the first transmission path.

Abstract: A communication method and an optical module are disclosed. In various embodiments the method includes generating, by an optical module, a first packet according to a service packet that passes through the optical module, wherein a source address of the first packet is the same as a source address of the service packet, and wherein a destination address of the first packet is the same as a destination address of the service packet; sending, the first packet in a transmission direction of the service packet; and receiving, a second packet sent by the network device, wherein the second packet indicates that the first transmission path from the optical module to the network device exists, and wherein the second packet instructs the optical module to communicate with a network management system by using the network device and the first transmission path.